养殖场及周边环境介质中抗生素生态风险及微生物多样性特征  

Ecological Risk and Microbial Diversity Characteristics of Antibiotics in Farm and Surrounding Environmental Media

作　　者：韩宇柔 徐卫红[1] HAN Yu-rou;XU Wei-hong(College of Resources and Environment,Southwest University,Chongqing 400715,China)

机构地区：[1]西南大学资源环境学院,重庆400715

出　　处：《环境科学》2024年第11期6594-6603,共10页Environmental Science

基　　金：现代农业产业技术体系建设专项(CARS-23-B08);国家重点研发计划项目(2018YFD0201200)。

摘　　要：养殖场粪便是环境介质抗生素最大的来源之一.目前不同环境介质中抗生素残留及微生物多样性的研究有限.以重庆市璧山区某生态养殖场及7a长期定位试验田为研究对象,初步探讨了不同环境介质中5种典型兽用抗生素(磺胺嘧啶,SDZ;强力霉素,DOX;土霉素,OTC;四环素,TC;金霉素,CTC)的残留特征及其对环境微生物多样性的影响.结果表明,鸡粪中土霉素含量最高(17.75~18.80μg·kg^(-1));土壤中强力霉素含量最高(2.00~2.55μg·kg^(-1));水体中金霉素浓度最高(13.77~21.10μg·L^(-1)).水体中5种典型兽用抗生素均存在高生态风险且显著影响环境介质中微生物多样性.土壤优势菌门为变形菌门和放线菌门,水体优势菌门为变形菌门和拟杆菌门.Farm manure is one of the largest sources of antibiotics in environmental media.At present,there are limited studies on antibiotic residues and microbial diversity in different environmental media.The residual characteristics of five typical veterinary antibiotics(sulfadiazine,SDZ;doxycycline,DOX;oxytetracycline,OTC;tetracycline,TC;and chlortetracycline,CTC)in different environmental media and their effects on environmental microbial diversity were preliminarily discussed by taking an ecological farm and a sevenyear long-term experimental field in Bishan District of Chongqing as the research object.The results showed that the content of oxytetracycline in chicken manure was the highest(17.75-18.80µg·kg^(-1)),the content of doxycycline in soil was the highest(2.00-2.55µg·kg^(-1)),and the concentration of chlortetracycline in water was the highest(13.77-21.10µg·L^(-1)).During the sampling time,the total antibiotics in soil and chicken manure changed little.The five antibiotics in the water had high ecological risks.The five antibiotics significantly affected the microbial diversity in the environmental media.The dominant bacteria in the soil were Proteobacteria and Actinobacteria,and the dominant bacteria in water were Proteobacteria and Bacteroidetes.

关 键 词：抗生素 鸡粪 土壤 水体 微生物多样性 

分 类 号：X53[环境科学与工程—环境工程]