聚苯乙烯微塑料对连续种植小白菜生长及品质的影响  

Effects of Polyethylene Microplastics on the Growth and Quality of Brassica campestris L.in a Three-season Consecutive Cultivation

作　　者：阳祝庆 杨敏 黄道友[2] 黄敏[1] 朱奇宏[2] YANG Zhu-qing;YANG Min;HUANG Dao-you;HUANG Min;ZHU Qi-hong(School of Resources and Environmental Engineering,Wuhan University of Technology,Wuhan 430070,China;Key Laboratory of Agro-ecological Processes in Subtropical Region,Institute of Subtropical Agriculture,Chinese Academy of Sciences,Changsha 410125,China)

机构地区：[1]武汉理工大学资源与环境工程学院,武汉430070 [2]中国科学院亚热带农业生态研究所亚热带农业生态过程重点实验室,长沙410125

出　　处：《环境科学》2024年第11期6645-6653,共9页Environmental Science

基　　金：国家现代农业产业技术体系项目(CARS-16-E09);国家重点研发计划项目(2022YFD1700102)。

摘　　要：为探讨不同粒径聚苯乙烯(PS)微塑料对小白菜(Brassica campestris L.)生长及品质的持续影响,通过连续3季小白菜盆栽试验,研究不同粒径PS塑料(<25、25~48、48~150和150~850μm)对小白菜生物量、叶绿素含量、营养物质含量以及土壤养分元素供给的影响.结果显示:PS微塑料对连续3季小白菜的生长均有明显抑制效应,小白菜鲜重、叶绿素b和叶绿素a+b分别降低9.22%~30.4%、51.5%~88.9%和25.3%~67.1%.PS微塑料也影响了3季小白菜的品质,显著降低小白菜淀粉(20.6%~73.2%)、锰(23.9%~56.3%)、锌(18.8%~23.2%)和铜(18.9%~35.1%),提高其可溶性糖含量(18.9%~220%).PS微塑料影响下土壤速效磷和速效钾含量最大降幅分别达26.0%和55.8%,但对有效态铜、铁、锌和锰含量无明显影响.总体上,PS微塑料对小白菜生长和品质的影响随粒径减小呈增强趋势,而随连续种植季度增加呈减弱趋势;但PS微塑料粒径对土壤速效养分含量的影响并无明显变化规律.In order to investigate the effects of polystyrene(PS)microplastics with different particle sizes on the growth,development,and quality of Brassica campestris L.(Chinese cabbage)in consecutive seasons,we studied the effects of PS plastics with different particle sizes(<25,25-48,48-150,and 150-850µm)on the growth and development of B.campestris L.and on the supply of nutrients to the soil in a potting experiment in three consecutive seasons.The results showed that PS microplastics had a significant inhibitory effect on the growth of Chinese cabbage in three consecutive seasons,and the fresh weight,chlorophyll b,and total chlorophyll content of Chinese cabbage were reduced by 9.22%-30.4%,51.5%-88.9%,and 25.3%-67.1%,respectively.PS microplastics also affected the quality of Chinese cabbage in three seasons and significantly reduced cabbage starch(20.6%-73.2%),Mn(23.9%-56.3%),Zn(18.8%-23.2%),and Cu(18.9%-35.1%)and increased its soluble sugar content(18.9%-220%).Soil quick-acting phosphorus and quickacting potassium content under the influence of PS microplastics showed the largest decreases of 26.0%and 55.8%,respectively,but had no significant effect on the effective Cu,Fe,Zn,and Mn contents.Overall,the effect of PS microplastics on the growth and quality of Chinese cabbage increased with the decrease in particle size and decreased with the increase in consecutive planting seasons;however,there was no obvious pattern of change in the effect of PS microplastic particle size on the soil fast-acting nutrient content.

关 键 词：聚苯乙烯微塑料(PS-MPs) 粒径 小白菜生长 小白菜品质 连续种植 

分 类 号：X171.5[环境科学与工程—环境科学]