面向医学领域的文本特征增强多任务学习模型  

Multi-task Learning Model for Text Feature Enhancement in Medical Field

作　　者：郭瑞强[1,2,3] 贾晓文 杨世龙 魏谦强 GUO Ruiqiang;JIA Xiaowen;YANG Shilong;WEI Qianqiang(School of Computer and Cyber Security,Hebei Normal University,Shijiazhuang 050024,China;Hebei Provincial Engineering Research Center for Supply Chain Big Data Analytics&Data Security,Hebei Normal University,Shijiazhuang 050024,China;Hebei Provincial Key Laboratory of Network and Information Security,Shijiazhuang 050024,China)

机构地区：[1]河北师范大学计算机与网络空间安全学院,石家庄050024 [2]河北师范大学河北省供应链大数据分析与数据安全河北省工程研究中心,石家庄050024 [3]河北省网络与信息安全重点实验室,石家庄050024

出　　处：《计算机科学》2024年第S02期121-127,共7页Computer Science

基　　金：2023年度河北省引才引智创新平台(606080123003)。

摘　　要：医学命名实体的识别和规范化是构建高质量医学知识图谱的基础。文中提出了一种基于文本特征增强的多任务学习模型,旨在解决现有模型中医学实体识别与规范化模型不能充分利用文本特征的问题。该模型添加词级、字符级特征和上下文语义信息来增强文本表示,再通过4个分级子任务,联合建模完成医学实体识别和规范化任务。实验表明,该模型能够学习实体识别和实体规范化这两个任务的共同特征,有效地提高学习的准确率。在NCBI和BC5CDR两个数据集上取得了较好的效果,在NER和NEN任务上的F1值分别为:91.09%,91.02%;92.05%,92%。The recognition and standardization of medical named entities are the foundation for constructing high-quality medical knowledge graphs.This paper proposes a multi-task learning model based on text feature enhancement,aiming to address the issue of inadequate utilization of text features in existing models for medical entity recognition and standardization.The model incorporates word-level,character-level features,and contextual semantic information to enhance text representation.Through four hierarchical sub-tasks,it jointly models medical entity recognition and standardization tasks.Experiments indicate that the proposed model can learn common features for both entity recognition and entity standardization tasks,effectively improving the accuracy of learning.Satisfactory results are achieved on two datasets,NCBI and BC5CDR,with F1 scores for NER and NEN tasks 1.09%,91.02%;92.05%,92%,respectively.

关 键 词：医疗命名实体识别 实体规范化 多任务 特征增强 联合建模 

分 类 号：TP391[自动化与计算机技术—计算机应用技术]