网络文学批评的四重视野  

The Fourfold Vision of the Criticism of Online Literature

作　　者：乔焕江 Qiao Huanjiang

机构地区：[1]海南大学人文学院,海口570228

出　　处：《中国社会科学》2024年第10期140-161,207,共23页Social Sciences in China

摘　　要：网络文学是一个需要从多维度整体性观察的文学事实。针对当下网络文学批评存在的主要问题,结合网络文学生产实践和发展进程,可以从四个方面进一步拓展与构筑网络文学的批评视野。马克思主义的总体性视野是网络文学批评的根本视野,唯物史观要求把网络文学作为社会生产和再生产的一部分加以考察,辩证唯物主义有助于把握网络文学生产中的具体现实和矛盾现象;新媒体时代数字人文视野是了解网文生产机制的必要条件,数字媒体技术深刻改变了文学活动形态,媒介革命带来的新的媒介环境、大数据算法和生成式人工智能的应用,不断重塑网络文学的生产形态;网络文学现场的情景化视野,使批评能够以沉浸观察的方式触摸网文活动的机理,并在“整体性情景”中把握网文生产的复杂性;“争取新文明”的想象性视野,则有助于在人类文学活动的绵延中、在中国式现代化进程中,重新定位网络文学并从中发掘先进的文学生产力。Online literature is a multifaceted literary phenomenon that requires a multidimensional,holistic perspective.Addressing key issues in contemporary online literature criticism and considering the practices and development of online literary production,four perspectives can be further developed to enhance and shape its critique.The overall vision of Marxism serves as the fundamental approach to online literature criticism:historical materialism requires viewing online literature as a part of social production and rreproduction,and dialecticla lmaterialismaids in understanding the specific realities and contradictory phenomena within online literature.The digital humanities perspective in the era of new media is essential for understanding the mechanisms of online literature production,where digital media technology has profoundly transformed the nature of literary activities.The media revolution,big data algorithms,and generative artificial intelligence continuously reshape the production patterns of online literature.The situational perspective of the online literature scene,allowing criticism to immerse in observation and touch upon the mechanisms of online literary activities,helps grasp the complexity of online literature production within the"holistic scenario."The imaginative vision of‘striving for a new civilization"helps to reposition online literature on the continuum of human literary activities and within the Chinese path to modernization,uncovering advanced literary productivity within it.

关 键 词：网络文学批评 总体性 数字人文 情景化 新文明 

分 类 号：I206[文学—中国文学]