“古音辨”与中国现代文史研究的发展  

The"Debate on Ancient Phonology"and the Development of Modern Chinese Literary and Historical Studies

作　　者：姜萌[1] Jiang Meng

机构地区：[1]中国人民大学历史学院,北京100872

出　　处：《中国社会科学》2024年第10期186-203,208,共19页Social Sciences in China

摘　　要：1923年,中国语言学领域围绕古音研究的“科学准绳”爆发了一场“古音辨”。经此辩论,“科学”导向的现代研究范式成为中国语言学研究的主流。与此同时还发生了“古史辨”和“科玄论战”。“古音辨”和“古史辨”攻克了中国传统学术“古音”和“古史”两个“堡垒”,“科玄论战”提升了中国学人对“科学”的认知。三场论辩在学术认识论上都推崇“拿证据来”的“求真”,中国文史研究由此整体进入现代化。中国马克思主义学者前进一步,指出“求真”的归宿是“求是”,能做到在物质世界和整体历史进程中回答“为什么”的理论是唯物史观。从此,中国现代文史研究在“是什么”和“为什么”两个维度渐次展开。In 1923,a major debate over the"scientific criterion"for ancient phonology research,known as the"Debate on Ancient Phonology"broke out in the field of Chinese linguistics.This debate established the"scientifically"oriented modern research paradigm as the mainstream approach in the study of Chinese linguistics.At the same time,two other significant debates took place:the"Debate of Ancient History"and the"Debate on Science and Metaphysics."Both the"Debate on Ancient Phonology"and the"Debate on Ancient History"dismantled the two strongholds of traditional Chinese scholarship,"ancient phonology"and"ancient history,"while the"Debate on Science and Metaphysics"enhanced Chinese scholars'awareness of""science."All three debates championed epistemological"truth-seeking"(qiuzhen)through"evidence-based reasoning,"marking the modernization of Chinese literary and historical studies.Chinese Marxist scholars went one step further,pointing out that the ultimate goal of"truth-seeking"is"reality-seeking"(qiushi),where historical materialism provides theoretical answers to the"why"in both the material world and the broader historical process.Since then,modern Chinese literary and historical studies gradually unfolded along the dual dimensions of"what"and"why."

关 键 词：古音辨 古史辨 科玄论战 唯物史观 

分 类 号：D61[政治法律—政治学]