氮化硅陶瓷轴承球的滚动摩擦磨损特性与损伤行为  

Rolling Friction,Wear Characteristics and Damage Behaviors of Si3N4 Ceramic Bearing Balls

作　　者：魏万鑫 苏云峰[1] 樊恒中 宋俊杰[1] 张永胜[1] 胡丽天[1] WEI Wanxin;SU Yunfeng;FAN Hengzhong;SONG Junjie;ZHANG Yongsheng;HU Litian(State Key Laboratory of Solid Lubrication,Lanzhou Institute of Chemical Physics,Chinese Academy of Sciences,Gansu Lanzhou 730000,China)

机构地区：[1]中国科学院兰州化学物理研究所固体润滑国家重点实验室,甘肃兰州730000

出　　处：《摩擦学学报（中英文）》2024年第9期1256-1265,共10页Tribology

基　　金：中国科学院战略性先导科技专项C类项目(XDC04010703);甘肃省重点研发计划项目(21YF5WA140)资助。

摘　　要：Si_(3)N_(4)陶瓷轴承球相比于钢球具有极限转速高,承载能力强,耐高温和耐酸碱腐蚀的优点,并表现出一定的自润滑性能,以绝对的优势作为滚动体被广泛用于高速轴承中,已成为高速、高精密轴承的关键部件.本文中通过模拟轴承真实服役工况的运动方式,开展Si_(3)N_(4)陶瓷轴承球的滚动摩擦损伤特性研究,分别考察Si_(3)N_(4)陶瓷轴承球与轴承钢滚道在无润滑和脂润滑条件下的滚动摩擦磨损状态和表面损伤行为,剖析Si_(3)N_(4)陶瓷轴承球滚动摩擦损伤行为演变规律与损伤机制.结果表明:Si_(3)N_(4)陶瓷轴承球与滚道在滚动摩擦磨损过程中,润滑脂的引入显著降低了滚动摩擦系数,尤其缓解了Si_(3)N_(4)陶瓷轴承球的疲劳损伤行为;无润滑条件下,Si_(3)N_(4)陶瓷轴承球滚动摩擦损伤机制主要为疲劳损伤和黏着磨损,且伴有摩擦化学反应;脂润滑条件下,Si_(3)N_(4)陶瓷轴承球滚动摩擦损伤机制主要为磨粒磨损和微脆性断裂.Compared with steel balls,Si_(3)N_(4)ceramic bearing balls possess high revolution speed limit,high bearing capacity,resistance to high temperature and acid-base corrosion,together with certain self-lubricating properties,and are used as rolling bodies in high-speed bearings with absolute advantages and have became the key components of highspeed,high-precision bearings.In this paper,the rolling friction damage characteristics of Si_(3)N_(4)ceramic bearing balls were studied by simulating the real motion of bearing balls in service conditions.The rolling friction wear state and surface damage behaviors of Si_(3)N_(4)ceramic bearing balls against bearing steel raceways under non-lubrication and grease lubrication conditions were investigated,followed by analyzing the rolling friction damage behavior evolution laws and mechanisms of Si_(3)N_(4)ceramic bearing balls.Results showed that the introduction of grease significantly reduced the rolling friction coefficient,particularly alleviated the fatigue damage behavior of Si_(3)N_(4)ceramic bearing balls in rolling friction and wear processes.The rolling friction damage mechanisms of Si_(3)N_(4)ceramic bearing balls were mainly fatigue damage,adhesive wear and accompanied by friction chemical reaction under non-lubrication condition.Mesh structural fatigue cracks in multi-scale were progressively formed during sliding and the cracks also extended to the inside of the Si_(3)N_(4)ceramic bearing ball,resulting in the fatigue flaking among the cracks and cracking of grain boundaries.Meanwhile,amorphous structure appeared at the subsurface layer of the Si_(3)N_(4)ceramic bearing ball under the action of friction.Under the grease lubrication condition,however,the rolling friction damage mechanisms of Si_(3)N_(4)ceramic bearing balls were mainly abrasive wear and micro-brittle fracture.The damage behaviors evolved from scratches to willow-mounted micro-pits,which further increased and deepened,and brittle fracture was presented at the edges of the micro-pits.In this case,cr

关 键 词：氮化硅 陶瓷轴承球 滚动 摩擦磨损 表面损伤 

分 类 号：TQ174.1[化学工程—陶瓷工业] TH117.1[化学工程—硅酸盐工业]