服务业数字化、就业创造与劳动收入份额  

Digital Transformation of Service Industry,Employment Creation,and Share of Labor Income

作　　者：姜伟 冯敬涵 惠炜 JIANG Wei;FENG Jinghan;HUI Wei

机构地区：[1]中央民族大学经济学院,北京100031 [2]中国社会科学院工业经济研究所,北京100006

出　　处：《经济问题探索》2024年第11期179-190,共12页Inquiry Into Economic Issues

基　　金：国家社科基金青年项目“发展数字经济与缩小收入差距的矛盾和化解路径研究”(21CJL027)前期研究成果,项目负责人:姜伟。

摘　　要：在发展数字经济的同时提高劳动报酬在国民收入中的比重,是当前推动经济高质量发展、促进共同富裕的重要任务。本文通过构建数据要素参与下的服务业企业生产函数,基于2016—2020年中国服务业上市公司数据实证检验服务业数字化对劳动收入份额的影响,研究表明服务业数字化转型显著提高了劳动收入份额。进一步分析发现,扩大就业规模、推动企业人力资本结构升级是服务业企业数字化转型提高自身劳动收入份额的重要机制;在基础服务领域,服务业企业数字化转型提升劳动收入份额的作用效应更为显著;数字技术中人工智能、云计算、大数据和数字技术应用对提高劳动收入份额的效应更强。因此,为实现经济高质量发展和共同富裕,要促进数字技术研发创新,积极引导数字技术在服务业推广应用,完善数据要素市场建设,促进数据要素的跨行业、跨领域流通,促进服务业数字化转型。Improving the proportion of labor income in national income while developing the digital economy is an important task in promoting high-quality economic development and common prosperity.This article constructs a production function of service industry enterprises with the participation of data elements,and empirically tests the impact of digitalization of the service industry on the share of labor income based on data from China's service industry listed companies from 2016 to 2020.The result shows that the digital transformation of the service industry significantly improves the share of labor income.Further analysis reveals that expanding employment scale and promoting the upgrading of human capital structure are important mechanisms for the service industry to improve their share of labor income through digital transformation;digital transformation in the field of basic services has a more significant effect on increasing share of labor income;the application of artificial intelligence,cloud computing,big data,and digital technology have stronger effects on increasing the share of labor income.Therefore,to achieve high-quality economic development and common prosperity,it is necessary to promote digital technology research and innovation,actively guide the promotion and application of digital technology in the service industry,improve the construction of data element markets,promote cross-industry and cross-domain circulation of data elements,and promote the digital transformation of the service industry.

关 键 词：服务业数字化 就业创造 人力资本结构 劳动收入份额 

分 类 号：F275.4[经济管理—企业管理]