压力振荡管内波系运动行为的可视化实验研究  

Visualization experiment of wave dynamics in pressure oscillation tube

作　　者：郭江涛 周一卉[1] 胡大鹏[1] 刘志军[1] 黄兆锋 高凤[1] GUO Jiangtao;ZHOU Yihui;HU Dapeng;LIU Zhijun;HUANG Zhaofeng;GAO Feng(Dalian University of Technology,Dalian 116024,China)

机构地区：[1]大连理工大学,大连116024

出　　处：《实验流体力学》2024年第5期54-64,共11页Journal of Experiments in Fluid Mechanics

基　　金：“变革性技术关键科学问题”国家重点研发计划项目(气波膨胀制冷新原理与关键技术,2018YFA0704600)。

摘　　要：气波制冷机具有制冷效率高、可带液工作等优点。为深入研究气波制冷机核心部件压力振荡管内部波系运动,设计了一套双开口压力振荡管可视化流场测量平台,利用视场拼接和纹影技术获得压力振荡管内密度梯度场的定量表达,并将实验结果与二维欧拉方程理论计算结果进行了交叉对比验证,误差为3.2%,证明基于纹影技术追踪管内复杂波系运动的方法不仅直观可视且准确可靠。基于上述方法,对不同压比和转速下的压力振荡管内波系开展了实验研究。实验结果表明,增大压比或转速均会提升激波马赫数。压比由1.5增大至3.0时,激波强度和膨胀波强度均显著增大,强化了对近管口区间气体的膨胀作用。转速由800 r/min提高至2400 r/min时,膨胀波波系运动路径逐渐向管口方向弯曲,降低了膨胀波在管口运动的速度,增加了膨胀波对近管口区间气体的作用时间。Gas Wave Refrigerator(GWR)is a kind of equipment with strong adaptability to complex working conditions.It has the advantages of high refrigeration efficiency,and can work with liquid.The pressure oscillation tube is the core part of GWR.A visual flow field measurement platform was designed to study the wave motion inside the pressure oscillation tube.The flow field splices and the schlieren technique are used to obtain the density gradient field in the tube,and the results are compared with the theoretical calculation of the two-dimensional Euler equation.The deviation between the experiment and the simulation is 3.2%.Based on the above method,experiments with different pressure ratios and rotational speeds were carried out.The experimental results show that the shock Mach number can be increased by increasing the pressure ratio or speed.When the pressure ratio increases from 1.5 to 3.0,the intensity of the shock wave and expansion wave increases significantly.When the rotational speed increases from 800 r/min to 2400 r/min,the motion path of the expansion wave system gradually bends towards the nozzle,which prolongs the time of the expansion wave at the nozzle.

关 键 词：压力振荡管 波系运动 纹影 可视化实验 视场拼接 气波制冷机 

分 类 号：TQ051[化学工程]