2018—2021年海口地区青少年肺结核报告及转归影响因素分析  

Adolescent Tuberculosis Reported in Haikou Region and Factors Influencing the Outcome in 2018-2021

作　　者：曹碧瑶 杨浩[2] 古贞 蔡晓娜[4] CAO Biyao;YANG Hao;GU Zhen;CAI Xiaona(Tuberculosis Prevention and Control Department of Haikou Center for Disease Control and Prevention Haikou,Hainan 571100,China;Office Department of Haikou Center for Disease Control and Prevention,Haikou,Hainan 571100,China;Occupational Disease Prevention and Radiological Health Institute/Outpatient Department of Zigong City Center for Disease Control and Prevention,Zigong,Sichuan 643000,China;Personnel Department of Haikou Center for Disease Control and Prevention,Haikou,Hainan 571100,China)

机构地区：[1]海口市疾病预防控制中心结核病防治科,海南海口571100 [2]海口市疾病预防控制中心办公室,海南海口571100 [3]四川省自贡市疾病预防控制中心职业病防治与放射卫生所/门诊部,四川自贡643000 [4]海口市疾病预防控制中心人事科,海南海口571100

出　　处：《公共卫生与预防医学》2024年第6期97-100,共4页Journal of Public Health and Preventive Medicine

摘　　要：目的探究2018—2021年海口地区青少年肺结核报告及转归影响因素分析。方法收集海口地区疾病预防控制中心中结核病管理系统报告的2018—2021年青少年肺结核病例信息,并对其进行随访调查,分析2018—2021年海口地区青少年肺结核报告变化,采用多因素Cox比例风险回归模型分析青少年肺结核转归的影响因素。结果2018—2021年共报告青少年肺结核病例265例,其中2018年55例,2019年74例,2020年67例,2021年69例。男性青少年肺结核报告病例共140例,略高于女性青少年肺结核报告病例125,≥15岁的青少年肺结核报告病例数为134例(50.57%),<15岁的青少年肺结核报告病例数为131例(49.43%)。两两组间比较,患者年龄、性别、居住地、民族、户籍等差异无统计学意义(P>0.05),患者的肺结核史差异有统计学意义(P<0.05)。多因素Cox风险比例模型显示,复治肺结核(HR:2.172,95%CI:1.483~3.007)、合并基础病(HR:1.451,95%CI:1.080~1.985)、痰涂片次数(HR:2.617,95%CI:1.531~3.458)为青少年不良转归的危险因素。结论2018—2021年海口地区青少年肺结核报告人数有所增加,提示本地区应加强青少年肺结核管理防控工作,提高青少年肺结核的转归率。Objective To analyze the adolescent tuberculosis reported in Haikou region between 2018 and 2021 and factors influencing the outcome.Methods The data on adolescent tuberculosis cases reported in Tuberculosis Information Management System in the Haikou Regional Centre for Disease Control and Prevention(RCDC)from 2018 to 2021 were collected.A follow-up survey was carried out until 31 December 2022.The changes in reported incidence of adolescent tuberculosis in Haikou was analyzed,and multivariate Cox proportional hazards regression models were used to identify independent factors influencing the outcome of adolescent tuberculosis.Results A total of 265 cases of tuberculosis in adolescents were reported between 2018 and 2021,of which 55 were reported in 2018,74 in 2019,67 in 2020,and 69 in 2021.The total number of reported cases of tuberculosis was 140 among male adolescents,which was slightly higher than 125 among female adolescents.The number of reported cases of tuberculosis was 134 in adolescents≥15 years of age and 131 in adolescents<15 years of age.No statistically significant difference was reported between good outcome group and poor outcome group in age,gender,place of residence,nationality,and domicile place(P>0.05),whereas difference was found in the history of tuberculosis between two groups(P<0.05).Multivariate Cox proportional hazards regression model denoted that retreated tuberculosis(HR:2.172,95%CI:1.483-3.007),complicating underlying disease(HR:1.451,95%CI:1.080-1.985),and number of sputum smears(HR:2.617,95%CI:1.531-3.458)were the risk factors for adverse outcomes in adolescent tuberculosis.Conclusion From 2018 to 2021,the number of reported adolescents of pulmonary tuberculosis in Haikou increased,suggesting that the management and prevention of adolescents should be strengthened to improve the prognosis rate of adolescents.

关 键 词：青少年 肺结核 转归 

分 类 号：R181[医药卫生—流行病学]