考虑货物品类的铁路货运动态定价模型研究  

Research on Dynamic Pricing Model of Railway Freight Transportation Considering Cargo Categories

作　　者：冯芬玲[1] 王紫璇 宋海涛 FENG Fenling;WANG Zixuan;SONG Haitao(School of Traffic&Transportation Engineering,Central South University,Changsha 410075,Hu’nan,China;Guangzhou�Shenzhen Railway Logistics Center,China Railway Guangzhou Group Co.,Ltd,Guangzhou 511400,Guangdong,China)

机构地区：[1]中南大学交通运输工程学院,湖南长沙410075 [2]中国铁路广州局集团有限公司广深铁路物流中心,广东广州511400

出　　处：《铁道运输与经济》2024年第11期124-131,共8页Railway Transport and Economy

基　　金：湖南省重点研发计划项目(2024JK2065);中南大学“高端智库”项目(2022znzk08);中国铁路广州局集团有限公司科技研究开发计划课题(2022K009-K)。

摘　　要：随着我国经济社会的发展,铁路货运需求不断增加,有效的动态定价策略成为铁路运营管理中的一项重要环节,因此有必要设计一种适应不同情况下的铁路动态定价模型。在总结现有的铁路货运动态定价研究成果的基础上,以广州局集团公司为例,将货物分为大宗货物及其他品类货物,分别建立动态定价模型。针对大宗货物运输,提出基于三叉树的动态期权定价模型;针对其他品类货物运输,建立以铁路运输企业收益最高、客户广义费用最低为目标的双层规划定价模型。选取大朗—吴家山区段货物运输进行实例分析,求出相应的运价。研究结果表明,该方法能够更好地适应市场的变化,保障铁路运输企业和客户的利益,为运输企业的定价决策提供参考。With the development of China’s economy and society,the demand for railway freight transportation has been continuously increasing.In railway operation and management,the adoption of effective dynamic pricing strategies has become a crucial aspect.Therefore,it is necessary to design a dynamic pricing model for railways that adapts to different scenarios.Based on the summary of existing research achievements in dynamic pricing for railway freight transportation,this paper took China Railway Guangzhou Group as a case study,categorized the cargo into bulk cargo and other types of cargo,and established dynamic pricing models for each category.For bulk cargo transportation,the paper proposed a dynamic option pricing model based on a trinomial tree.For the transportation of other types of cargo,a bi-level programming pricing model was established with the objectives of maximizing the railway transportation company’s revenue and minimizing the customers’generalized costs.An example analysis was conducted for the cargo transportation in the Dalang-Wujiashan section,and the corresponding freight rates were obtained.The study shows that this approach can better adapt to market changes,safeguard the interests of railway transportation companies and customers,and provide a reference for the pricing decisions of transportation companies.

关 键 词：铁路运输 货物品类 动态定价 期权定价 双层规划模型 

分 类 号：U2-9[交通运输工程—道路与铁道工程]