金沙江下游外来入侵植物入侵风险评估--以乌东德和白鹤滩电站库区为例  

Invasion risk assessment of alien invasive plants in the lower reaches of the Jinsha River,a case study of reservoir areas of Wudongde and Baihetan Hydropower Stations

作　　者：熊浩荣 邓鑫欣 于江 邓云木 伍小刚[1] 张月华 何秀林 张培春 潘开文[1] 张林[1] XIONG Haorong;DENG Xinxin;YU Jiang;DENG Yunmu;WU Xiaogang;ZHANG Yuehua;HE Xiulin;ZHANG Peichun;PAN Kaiwen;ZHANG Lin(Key Laboratory of Mountain Ecological Restoration and Bioresource Utilization&Ecological Restoration Biodiversity Conservation Key Laboratory of Sichuan Province,Chengdu Institute of Biology,Chinese Academy of Sciences,Chengdu,Sichuan 610041,China;China Three Gorges Construction Engineering Corporation,Beijing 101100,China;Chengdu Longquan Mountain Urban Forest Park Administrative Committee,Chengdu,Sichuan 610000,China;University of Chinese Academy of Sciences,Beijing 100049,China)

机构地区：[1]中国科学院成都生物研究所,中国科学院山地生态恢复与生物资源利用重点实验室,生态恢复与生物多样性保育四川省重点实验室,四川成都610041 [2]中国三峡建工(集团)有限公司,北京101100 [3]成都龙泉山城市森林公园管委会,四川成都610000 [4]中国科学院大学,北京100049

出　　处：《生物安全学报（中英文）》2024年第4期381-392,共12页Journal of biosafety

基　　金：中国三峡(建工)集团有限公司科研项目(JG-EP-030222001、JG-EP-030222002);中国科学院西部之光项目(2022XBZG_XBQNXZ_A_003)。

摘　　要：【目的】基于金沙江下游外来物种入侵防控需要,以其干流上乌东德和白鹤滩电站库区为例,调查库区内的外来入侵植物并评估入侵风险,为该区域外来植物入侵防控和生态安全建设提供数据支撑。【方法】运用样线、样方调查法结合文献资料掌握库区内外来入侵植物种类组成和入侵现状,采用层次分析法建立外来入侵植物风险评估体系,对其入侵过程、入侵现状以及危害与防治等方面进行综合评估,并根据等级划分标准确定入侵风险等级。【结果】乌东德和白鹤滩电站库区共记录到外来入侵植物103种,隶属28科70属。其中,Ⅰ级风险的外来入侵植物5种,Ⅱ级风险12种,Ⅲ级风险24种,Ⅳ级风险28种,Ⅴ级风险34种。【结论】乌东德和白鹤滩电站库区的外来入侵植物种类较多,但多数处于低风险等级(Ⅳ、Ⅴ级),危害较小,高风险等级(I、Ⅱ级)外来入侵植物共17种。建议重点防控高风险等级的外来入侵植物,尽可能降低其对金沙江下游生态安全的威胁。【Aim】In response to a desire to prevent and control the spread of alien invasive species(AIPs)in the lower reaches of the Jinsha River,this study focuses on the reservoir areas of Wudongde and Baihetan Power Stations in the mainstream.This study aimed to elucidate the species composition and invasion status of AIPs and investigate the presence of alien invasive plants in these reservoir areas.Additionally,in this study,the risk of invasion was assessed to support the prevention of the expansion of alien invasive plants,as well as to enhance the ecological security in the study area.【Method】We conducted a comprehensive analysis of AIPs using a combination of transects,sample survey methods,and a literature review.A hierarchical analysis was employed to establish a risk assessment system for AIPs.The system evaluates the invasion process,status,associated hazards,and prevention and control measures.Finally,the invasion risk level was determined based on the grading standards.【Result】Based on the results,a total of 103 documented AIPs across 70 genera and 28 families were identified.Among these,five alien invasive plants were categorized as levelⅠrisk,12 as levelⅡrisk,24 as levelⅢrisk,28 as levelⅣrisk,and 34 as levelⅤrisk.【Conclusion】While numerous species of AIPs were found in the reservoir areas,the majority fell within the low-risk levels(Ⅳ,Ⅴ),posing minimal harm.However,17 invasive alien plants were categorized as high risk(Ⅰ,Ⅱ).Thus,we recommend prioritizing the prevention and control measures for these high-risk alien invasive plants to minimize threats to the ecological security of the Lower Jinsha River.

关 键 词：外来入侵植物 入侵现状 入侵风险 指标体系 金沙江 

分 类 号：Q948[生物学—植物学]