邓小平外交战略思想中的中华智慧  

The Chinese Wisdom in Deng Xiaoping’s Diplomatic Strategic Thinking

作　　者：王义桅[1,2] 段悯农 Wang Yiwei;Duan Minnong

机构地区：[1]中国人民大学习近平新时代中国特色社会主义思想研究院 [2]中国人民大学国际关系学院,北京100872

出　　处：《国际论坛》2024年第6期85-99,158,共16页International Forum

摘　　要：邓小平外交思想是邓小平理论的重要组成部分,指引改革开放的中国外交,是马克思主义基本原理与中华优秀传统文化相结合在外交领域的时代体现。本文基于中国传统战略思想,从战略判断、战略调整和战略行动三个层面对其进行归纳。在战略判断层面,邓小平外交“谋定而后动”“胜于先胜”,作出“和平与发展”时代主题的判断,将外交服务于国内现代化建设。在战略调整层面,外交“杂于利害”,推行独立自主的和平外交政策;“求之于势”,以高度的辩证思维调整“一条线、一大片”外交战略,为改革开放营造良好国际环境。在战略行动层面,外交“以和为贵”,以和平共处五项原则改善周边国家关系;“以身为天下”,反对霸权主义;“以迂为直”,在不涉及全局的问题上以创新思路达成战略目的;“非利不动,非得不用,非危不战”,以高度的战略审慎提出二十八字外交方针,并创造性提出“一个国家,两种制度”伟大构想,开辟了以和平方式实现祖国完全统一的新路径。在此基础上,习近平外交思想进一步将“两个结合”自觉运用到中国特色大国外交,呈现出更加鲜明的时代特质和深厚的中华智慧。Deng Xiaoping’s diplomatic strategic thinking is a crucial component of Deng Xiaoping Theory,guiding China’s foreign policy during the era of reform and opening up.It represents a contemporary embodiment of the integration of Marxist principles with the essence of China’s traditional culture in the realm of diplomacy.This paper,by drawing upon China’s traditional strategic thought,synthesizes Deng’s strategic thinking from three dimensions:strategic judgement,strategic adjustment,and strategic action.At the strategic judgement level,Deng’s diplomacy follows the principle of“planning and then acting”and“securing victory before engaging,”as demonstrated by his identification of the era’s main themes as peace and development,thus aligning foreign policy with domestic modernization goals.At the strategic adjustment level,Deng emphasizes a balanced approach to interests and issues,advocating for an independent and peaceful foreign policy;with“leveraging the situation”through dialectical thinking,he adjusted the diplomatic strategy of“one line,many spheres”to create a favorable international environment for reform and opening up.At the strategic action level,Deng’s diplomacy values“harmony above all”improving relations with neighboring countries through the Five Principles of Peaceful Coexistence,and with a commitment to opposing hegemony,his approach embodies“placing oneself within the world.”By employing a strategy of“indirectness as directness,”he achieved strategic objectives through innovative means on non-fundamental issues.Adhering to the principles of“act only for clear benefits,use resources only when necessary,and fight only in dire situations,”he proposes a 28-character foreign policy guideline with great strategic prudence and creatively puts forward the concept of“one country,two systems,”pioneering a new path for achieving national reunification peacefully.Building on this foundation,the Xi Jinping Thought on Diplomacy further applies the principle of“

关 键 词：邓小平外交战略思想 战略思维 中华智慧 中华优秀传统文化 

分 类 号：D81[政治法律—国际关系]