青少年训练中膝关节的运动防护研究  

Sports Protection of Knee Joints during Adolescents Training

作　　者：班金荣 BAN Jinrong(Weifang Sports Education School,Weifang,Shandong 261108)

机构地区：[1]潍坊市体育运动学校,山东潍坊261108

出　　处：《智慧健康》2024年第21期127-130,共4页Smart Healthcare

摘　　要：目的 探究青少年训练中膝关节损伤现状,提出相应的运动防护措施,以降低运动损伤风险。方法 选取2022年9月—2023年6月潍坊市体育运动学校60名青少年运动员作为研究对象,采用文献资料法、访谈法及问卷调查法,分析膝关节运动损伤发生率、运动损伤程度、类型及损伤因素,提出运动防护措施。结果 潍坊市体育运动学校青少年训练中膝关节损伤发生率达73.33%,男生与女生膝关节运动损伤发生率差异无统计学意义(P>0.05);膝关节运动损伤以轻度为主,常见损伤类型为韧带/肌肉损伤(43.24%)、关节扭伤(28.38%);膝关节损伤因素分析,88.33%为局部负担过大,71.67%为运动性疲劳,43.33%为准备活动不充分。结论 青少年训练中膝关节损伤发生率高,与局部负担过大、运动性疲劳、准备活动不充分等有关,合理安排训练强度、加强膝关节的保护、提升自我防护意识,可有效地降低青少年在训练中膝关节损伤风险,提高训练效果,保障青少年的身体健康。Objective To explore the current situation of knee joint injuries in adolescent training and propose corresponding sports protection measures to reduce the risk of sports injuries.Methods Sixty adolescent athletes from Weifang Sports School from September 2022 to June 2023 were selected as the research subjects.Literature review,interview,and questionnaire survey methods were used to analyze the incidence,degree,type,and factors of knee joint sports injuries,and propose sports protection measures.Results The incidence of knee joint injuries during adolescent training at Weifang Sports School reached 73.33%,and there was no statistically significant difference in the incidence of knee joint injuries between boys and girls(P>0.05);Knee joint sports injuries are mainly mild,with common types of injuries including ligament and muscle injuries(43.24%)and joint sprains(28.38%);Analysis of factors affecting knee joint injuries shows that 88.33%are due to excessive local burden,71.67%are due to sports fatigue,and 43.33%are due to insufficient warm-up activities.Conclusion The incidence of knee joint injuries in adolescent training is high,which is related to excessive local burden,sports fatigue,insufficient preparation activities,etc.Reasonable arrangement of training intensity,strengthening knee joint protection,and enhancing self-protection awareness can effectively reduce the risk of knee joint injuries in adolescents during training,improve training effectiveness,and ensure their physical health.

关 键 词：青少年 运动训练 膝关节损伤 运动防护 

分 类 号：R873[医药卫生—运动医学]