COVID-19 vaccine updates for people under different conditions  

作　　者：Yijiao Huang Weiyang Wang Yan Liu Zai Wang Bin Cao 

机构地区：[1]National Center for Respiratory Medicine/State Key Laboratory of Respiratory Health and Multimorbidity/National Clinical Research Center for Respiratory Diseases/Institute of Respiratory Medicine,Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences/Department of Pulmonary and Critical Care Medicine,Center of Respiratory Medicine,China-Japan Friendship Hospital,Beijing 100029,China [2]School of Basic Medical Sciences,Tsinghua Medicine,Tsinghua University,Beijing 100084,China [3]Tsinghua University-Peking University Joint Centre for Life Sciences,Tsinghua University,Beijing 100084,China [4]Peking Union Medical College,Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences,Beijing 100730,China [5]Department of Infectious Disease,The Affiliated Yantai Yuhuangding Hospital of Qingdao University,Yantai,Shandong 264000,China [6]Institute of Clinical Medical Sciences,China-Japan Friendship Hospital,Beijing 100029,China [7]Changping Laboratory,Beijing 102200,China [8]Department of Respiratory Medicine,Capital Medical University,Beijing 100069,China [9]New Cornerstone Science Laboratory,China-Japan Friendship Hospital,Beijing 100029,China

出　　处：《Science China(Life Sciences)》2024年第11期2323-2343,共21页中国科学（生命科学英文版）

基　　金：supported by the National Natural Science Foundation of China(82241056,82170015,82100009,82030002);Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences Innovation Fund for Medical Sciences(2021-I2M-1-048);New Cornerstone Science Foundation,National Key R&D Program of China(2023YFC2306300);National Key R&D Program of China(2023YFC2306300).

摘　　要：SARS-CoV-2 has caused global waves of infection since December 2019 and continues to persist today.The emergence of SARS-CoV-2 variants with strong immune evasion capabilities has compromised the effectiveness of existing vaccines against breakthrough infections.Therefore,it is important to determine the best utilization strategies for different demographic groups given the variety of vaccine options available.In this review,we will discuss the protective efficacy of vaccines during different stages of the epidemic and emphasize the importance of timely updates to target prevalent variants,which can significantly improve immune protection.While it is recognized that vaccine effectiveness may be lower in certain populations such as the elderly,individuals with chronic comorbidities(e.g.,diabetes with poor blood glucose control,those on maintenance dialysis),or those who are immunocompromised compared to the general population,administering multiple doses can result in a strong protective immune response that outweighs potential risks.However,caution should be exercised when considering vaccines that might trigger an intense immune response in populations prone to inflammatory flare or other complications.In conclusion,individuals with special conditions require enhanced and more effective immunization strategies to prevent infection or reinfection,as well as to avoid the potential development of long COVID.

关 键 词：SARS-CoV-2 VACCINE variants of concern ELDERLY IMMUNOCOMPROMISED 

分 类 号：R186[医药卫生—流行病学]