内蒙古中西部臭氧污染环流分型及典型个例分析  

Analysis of ozone pollution circulation patterns and typical cases in central and western Inner Mongolia

作　　者：杨红子 张小玲[2,3] 王佳 张莉 赵雯涛 YANG Hongzi;ZHANG Xiaoling;WANG Jia;ZHANG Li;ZHAO Wentao(Wuhai Meteorological Bureau of Ineer Mongolia Autonomous Region,Wuhai 016000,Inner Mongolia,China;School of Atmospheric Science,Chengdu University of Information Technology,Chengdu 610225,China;Chengdu Plain Urban Meteorology and Environment Sichuan Provincial Field Scientific Observation and Research Station,Chengdu 610225,China;Service Center of Inner Mongolia Meteorological Bureau,Hohhot 010050,China)

机构地区：[1]内蒙古自治区乌海市气象局,内蒙古乌海016000 [2]成都信息工程大学大气科学学院,四川成都610225 [3]成都平原城市气象与环境四川省野外科学观测研究站,四川成都610225 [4]内蒙古自治区气象服务中心,内蒙古呼和浩特010050

出　　处：《干旱气象》2024年第5期767-775,共9页Journal of Arid Meteorology

基　　金：内蒙古自治区自然科学基金项目(2023MS04013);内蒙古自治区气象局科技创新项目(nmqxkjcx202110、nmqxkjcx202323)共同资助。

摘　　要：为明确内蒙古中西部地区臭氧(O_(3))污染的天气形势分型及气象要素阈值,采用斜交旋转主成分分析法(obliquely rotated Principal Components in T-mode,PCT)对2015—2021年该地区6个盟市的O_(3)污染过程进行了地面及高空环流形势分析,并结合典型O_(3)污染个例,探讨了天气形势、气象要素与O_(3)污染间的关系。结果表明,内蒙古中西部地区O_(3)污染过程在500 hPa环流场中可分为3种类型:脊前西北气流型、平直西风型、高压脊型;在海平面气压场中可分为4种类型:均压场型、低压控制型、高压南部型、低压前部型。环流配置可分为5种类型:高压脊—均压场型、脊前西北气流—低压控制型、平直西风—高压南部型、脊前西北气流—低压南部型、脊前西北气流—均压场型。阿拉善、乌海地区O_(3)超标主要为平直西风—高压南部型,而其他城市多为脊前西北气流—低压控制型。这两种大气环流配置是发生O_(3)污染的主要气象条件。典型区域性O_(3)污染通常发生在特定大气环流形势下,边界层存在逆温层时,逆温强度越强,垂直扩散条件越差,不利于近地面污染物的扩散。气象要素如地面最高气温、日照时数和平均相对湿度对O_(3)污染均有影响。在干燥地区如阿拉善、乌海和巴彦淖尔,O_(3)质量浓度超标时,最高气温通常不低于30℃,日照时数不少于10 h;而相对湿润地区如鄂尔多斯、包头和呼和浩特,O_(3)质量浓度超标时,最高气温通常不低于27℃,日照时数不少于8 h。此外,当风向为西南、南、东南,风速为2.0~5.0 m·s^(-1)时,易发生O_(3)污染。To identify the weather patterns and threshold values of meteorological factors associated with ozone(O_(3))pollution in the central and western Inner Mongolia,the obliquely rotated Principal Components in T-mode(PCT),was used to analyze the surface and upper air circulation O_(3) pollution process in six cities in the region from 2015 to 2021,the relationship between the weather situation,meteorological elements and O_(3) pollution is discussed.The results show that the O_(3) pollution process in central and western Inner Mon⁃golia can be divided into three types in the 500 hPa circulation:the high pressure ridge,the westerly flow pattern in flat direction,and the northeast flow pattern in the bottom of high pressure.There are four types of sea level pressure field:pressure equalization,low pres⁃sure control,high pressure south,low pressure front.The circulation configuration can be divided into five types:high pressure ridgepressure equalization field type,the northwest flow at the front of the ridge-low pressure control field,,the westerly flow pattern in flat direction-high pressure south field,the northwest flow at the front of the ridge-low pressure south field,and the northwest flow at the front of the ridge-pressure equalization field.In Alxa and Wuhai,the O_(3) overrun is mainly found in the flat westerly-southern type of high pressure,while in other cities it is mostly found in the NW flow-high pressure-controlled type in front of the ridge.These two gen⁃eral circulation configurations are the main meteorological conditions for the occurrence of O_(3) pollution.The typical regional O_(3) pollu⁃tion usually occurs in a specific atmospheric general circulation situation.When there is an inversion layer in the boundary layer,the stronger the inversion intensity is,the worse the vertical diffusion condition is,which is unfavorable to the near-surface pollutant diffu⁃sion.Meteorological factors such as surface maximum temperature,sunshine duration and average relative humidity have influence on O_(

关 键 词：内蒙古中西部 O_(3)污染 环流客观分型 个例分析 

分 类 号：X15[环境科学与工程—环境科学]