基于推磨牙向后的矫治器在口腔正畸的研究进展  

Research progress of orthodontic appliances based on molar distalization

作　　者：胡诗余 HU Shiyu(Department of Oral Orthodontics,Stomatology Hospital,School of Stomatology,Zhejiang University School of Medicine,Zhejiang Provincial Clinical Research Center for Oral Diseases,Key Laboratory of Oral Biomedical Research of Zhejiang Province,Cancer Center of Zhejiang University,Engineering Research Center of Oral Biomaterials and Devices of Zhejiang Province,Zhejiang Province,310000,China)

机构地区：[1]浙江大学医学院附属口腔医院口腔正畸科,浙江大学口腔医学院,浙江省口腔疾病临床医学研究中心,浙江省口腔生物医学研究重点实验室,浙江大学癌症研究院,口腔生物材料与器械浙江省工程研究中心,浙江杭州310000

出　　处：《中国医疗美容》2024年第10期96-100,共5页China Medical Cosmetology

摘　　要：推磨牙向后是非拔牙矫治中比较常用的方法之一,主要用于轻度、中度牙列拥挤以及需要改善磨牙关系的患者。由于下颌骨的骨质致密,牙齿移动困难,临床上更多使用推上颌磨牙向后进行治疗。推磨牙向后的方式多样,传统的推磨牙向后的装置有口外弓、钟摆式矫治器、Distal jet矫治器等,但存在患者依从性不佳、前牙支抗丧失、磨牙远中倾斜、面下1/3高度增加等问题。近年来,种植体支抗的出现解决了前牙支抗丧失的问题,无托槽隐形矫治器的应用也使面下1/3高度得到很好的控制。与此同时,各种技术的发展使下颌磨牙远移和成年人推磨牙向后也得以大力推广。本文主要就不同矫治器在青少年和成人推磨牙向后中的远移量和作用效果进行综述。Molar distalization is one of the most common strategies in non-extraction orthodontics,mainly applied to cases of mild to moderate dentition crowding and patients who need to correct the relationship between the molars.Due to the dense bone structure of the mandible,tooth movement is diffificult,and clinically,it is more often to use molar distalization for subsequent treatment.There are various ways to move the molars distally.Traditional devices for molar distalization include headgears,pendulum appliances,and Distal jet appliances,but they often lead to issues such as poor patient compliance,loss of anterior anchorage,distal tipping of molars,and increased height of the lower third of the face.In recent years,the emergence of implant has largely addressed the issue of loss of anterior anchorage.The application of aligners has also achieved good control over the height of the lower third of the face.Concurrently,advancements in various technologies have led to the widespread adoption of mandibular molar distalization and adult molar retraction.This article mainly reviews the amount of distal movement and the effects of different appliances in the distalization of molars in adolescents and adults.

关 键 词：推磨牙向后 口外弓 钟摆式矫治器 种植体支抗 隐形矫治器 

分 类 号：R783.5[医药卫生—口腔医学]