对外汉语教学中“们”的教学策略  

Teaching Strategies for-men(们)in Teaching Chinese as a Foreign Language

作　　者：陈韵如 陆丙甫 Chen Yunru;Lu Bingfu

机构地区：[1]中国民用航空飞行学院外国语学院,广汉618307 [2]北京语言大学语言学系,北京100083

出　　处：《辞书研究》2024年第6期105-113,I0002,共10页Lexicographical Studies

基　　金：国家社会科学基金项目(项目编号18AYY023);北京语言大学研究生创新基金(中央高校基本科研业务费专项资金,项目编号24YCX016)资助。

摘　　要：文章肯定“们”同英语多数标记[-s]一样,表示“多数”是基本功能,即“们”相似于[-s](们≈[-s])。在此基础上,再指出两者的差异,主要从“们”在分布上小于或大于[-s](们<-s;们>-s)这两方面分析。最后,指出某些即使分布相同的情况下,汉语中用“们”和英语中用-s仍会有细微的意义差别。这种分析,比一开始就说两者完全不同,更容易被国际学生理解、接受。最后向国际学生建议,在“们”用与不用意义差别不大的情况下,尽量不用是保险的措施。This article claims that Mandarin Chinese-men(们)has the similar basic function as the plural marker[-s]in English(-men≈[-s]).On this basis,the differences between the two are located,mainly from the different distribution of-men,smaller or larger compared with[-s](-men<[-s],-men>[-s]).Moreover,it is clarified that even when the distribution is the same,there are still subtle differences in meaning between using-men in Chinese and using[-s]in English.This analysis is more easily understood and accepted by international students than the claim that the two are completely different.Finally,international students should be told that when the difference between the use and non-use of-men is insignificant,it is more favorable to avoid its use.

关 键 词：对外汉语教学 “们” 多数标志 英语多数标志[-s] 外延 语缀 类指 

分 类 号：H195.3[语言文字—汉语]