“开眼看世界”及其意味  

Intellectual Change of the Late Qing Empire:Historical Study of Opening Our Eyes to See the Outside World and Its Implications

作　　者：贡华南[1] GONG Hua-nan

机构地区：[1]华东师范大学中国现代思想文化研究所,上海200241

出　　处：《湖北大学学报（哲学社会科学版）》2024年第6期21-28,164,共9页Journal of Hubei University(Philosophy and Social Science)

摘　　要：19世纪中后期,中国国门被列强打开,生存危机促使开明的中国人主动调整存在的姿态,努力“开眼看世界”。自春秋战国以来一直受到抑制的视觉被唤醒并被科学重新塑造,原本习惯“内视”的目光被调适、转向外界外物,通过科学方式、科学仪器看世界逐渐成为中国人自觉追求与展示的在世姿态。新的观看世界与人生的方式,即“科学的看”使中国人确信通过科学理论所看到的才是世界与人生的真实图景,西方的人生观、世界观概念也被引进,并成为重要的哲学观念,视觉思想在现代中国再次确立了主导地位。不过,“开眼看世界”直接或间接地使具体的世界不断被祛魅,具体的存在不断被形式化、图像化。而作为品味、玩味总体性理论表达的味觉思想则是基于尊重与欣赏展开为人与事物的双向感应,保留住了人与万物在世真实具体的形态及其原初生机。在当代,要重建具体有味的生活世界与思想世界,重思“开眼看世界”之意味无疑为此提供了恰当的契机。In the middle and late 19th century,China was forced to open up by the great powers,and the survival crisis prompted enlightened Chinese people to adjust their attitude actively and strive to“open their eyes to see the outside world”.The vision that has been suppressed since the Spring and Autumn Period and the Warring States period has been awakened and reshaped by science;the eyes that were accustomed to“inward vision”have been adjusted and turned to the outside world.Seeing the world through scientific methods and instruments has gradually become a conscious pursuit and display of the Chinese people s living style.The new way of viewing the world and life has convinced the Chinese that what they see through scientific theory is the real picture of the world and life.The new way of viewing the world and life has made life and worldview important philosophical concepts.Visual thinking has once again established its dominant position in modern China.However,opening our eyes to see the outside world directly or indirectly disguises the concrete world,and the concrete existence is constantly formalized and visualized.As an expression of the overall theory,the idea of taste is based on respect and appreciation to develop two-way induction between people and things,preserving the real and specific forms of people and all things in the world,as well as their original vitality.In contemporary times,the reconstruction of a specific and interesting world of life and thought undoubtedly provides an appropriate opportunity to rethink the meaning of opening our eyes to see the outside world.

关 键 词：开眼看世界 “科学的看” 视觉思想 味觉思想 

分 类 号：B25[哲学宗教—中国哲学] B26