树灵芝(Ganoderma sessile,SCAU-My1)菌丝体液态发酵条件优化以及菌丝体复合材料制备  

Optimization of mycelium liquid-state cultivation conditions of Ganoderma sessile and preparation of mycelium-based composite materials

作　　者：钟梓杰 李雪玲[1] 胡文锋[1,2] 杨美艳 ZHONG Zijie;LI Xueling;HU Wenfeng;YANG Meiyan(College of Food Science,South China Agricultural University,Guangzhou 510642,China;Shenzhen My-Loop Biotechnology Co.Ltd.,Shenzhen 518122,China)

机构地区：[1]华南农业大学食品学院,广东广州510642 [2]深圳循环生物科技有限公司,广东深圳518122

出　　处：《食品与发酵工业》2024年第22期278-285,共8页Food and Fermentation Industries

基　　金：广州市重点研发计划项目(SL2022B03J01243);全国农业科技现代化先行县建设项目(从化区)。

摘　　要：该研究以树灵芝(Ganoderma sessile,SCAU-My1)为发酵菌株,采用菌丝体液态发酵制备种子,参考食用菌栽培技术进行菌丝体复合材料(mycelium-base composites,MBCs)制备。分别以麻秆和玉米秸秆为主要原料,接种上述菌丝体液态种后,固态发酵培养5 d,从而制备可生物降解的MBCs。首先,对树灵芝的菌丝体液态发酵种子培养基及培养条件进行了优化,研究碳源、氮源、发酵温度等因素对菌丝体生物量的影响。结果表明,最佳制种培养基配方为:玉米淀粉25 g/L、黄豆粉14 g/L、KH_(2)PO_(4)3 g/L、7H_(2)0·MgSO_(4)3 g/L;最佳培养条件为:发酵温度28℃,初始pH 5.5,接种量5%,装瓶量150 mL/500 mL,转速为180 r/min。在此条件下,种子液菌丝体生物量达18.73 g/L,较优化前的13.90 g/L,提高了34.7%。制备的MBCs在形变发生50%时,玉米秸秆-菌丝体复合材料(C-MBCs)压缩应力为聚乙烯(expanded polystyrene,EPS)材料的5.4倍,为麻秆-菌丝体复合材料(H-MBCs)的0.6倍;在热重分析中,经过600℃热处理C-MBCs质量剩余约39%,H-MBCs质量剩余约33%,而EPS材料质量仅剩1.08%,说明玉米秸秆或麻秆制成的MBCs承重能力、热稳定性均优于EPS材料。此结果可为菌丝体复合材料替代发泡塑料作为缓冲包装材料提供有意义的参考。In this study,the mycelia of Ganoderma sessile were used to prepare mycelium base composites(MBCs),C-MBCs(corn stalks),and H-MBCs(hemp stalks),respectively.To obtain more active mycelium seeds,the liquid cultivation conditions were optimized.The study included the effects of carbon sources,nitrogen sources,initial pH,temperature,G.sessile content,liquid volume,and rotating speed on the mycelial biomass of fermented products.Both C-MBCs and H-MBCs were measured for scanning electron microscope,compressive strength,and thermogravimetric characteristics.Results showed that the best mycelium cultivation medium was 25 g/L corn flour,14 g/L soybean powder,3 g/L KH_(2)PO_(4),and 3 g/L 7H_(2)O·MgSO_(4).The optimized fermentation conditions were fermentation temperature at 28℃,initial pH 5.5,G.sessile content with 5%,liquid volume 150 mL/500 mL flask,and rotating speed 180 r/min.Under the optimized conditions,the mycelial biomass in the cultural broth was 18.73 g/L,which increased by 34%,compared with those before optimization.The compressive strength and thermogravimetric characteristics of C-MBCs and H-MBCs were both better than expanded polystyrene.It’s concluded that this result will provide a reference for the application of MBCs instead of foam plastics in cushioning packaging.

关 键 词：树灵芝 菌丝体 培养基优化 发酵条件优化 菌丝体复合材料 可生物降解 

分 类 号：TB485.1[一般工业技术—包装工程] TQ920.6[轻工技术与工程—发酵工程]