对完善执行异议之诉案件受理费制度的思考——以当事人的诉权保护为视角  

Thoughts on Improving the System of Case Acceptance Fees for Lawsuits Related to Objections to Enforcement——From the Perspective of Protecting the Litigation Rights of the Parties Involved

作　　者：闫湘之 Yan Xiangzhi(School of Law and Business,Wuhan Institute of Technology,Wuhan 430205)

机构地区：[1]武汉工程大学法商学院,武汉430205

出　　处：《西部学刊》2024年第21期82-87,121,共7页Journal of Western

摘　　要：执行异议之诉作为民事诉讼中的小众类型,我国现行《诉讼费用交纳办法》并未考虑此类诉讼与其他民事诉讼的明显区别,因而尚未有专门性条款对此类案件的诉讼费用进行规定。在此情形下,不同地区相继出台了一些区域性的收费规定,但彼此差距较大,在案件受理费的负担主体认定方面、是否为财产性案件的认定方面、交纳计费的基础方面、非财产执行异议之诉的收费标准方面,均处于杂陈不一的状态,一定程度上影响当事人对诉讼的选择和对司法公信的认知判断。执行异议之诉与其他民事诉讼不同,案外人因为他人的执行而被动进入诉讼,败诉方未必存在过错。执行异议之诉案件中兼有财产性和非财产类型且案件类型多样,多数标的额较大,建议明确执行异议之诉中不同类型案件的财产性和非财产性,并针对性规定不同的计费基数。同时,变败诉方承担为败诉方与真正过错方(被执行人)共同承担,并完善救济途径,以彰显倡导诚信和对诉讼权利的全面保护。As a niche type in civil litigation,lawsuits related to objections to enforcement are not distinguished from other civil litigations in China’s current Measures for the Payment of Litigation Fees,and therefore,there are no specific provisions regulating the litigation fees for such cases.In this situation,different regions have successively introduced some regional fee regulations,but there are significant differences between them,and in terms of identifying the party responsible for bearing the case acceptance fees,determining whether it is a property-related case,the basis for calculating the fees,and the fee collection standards for non-property-related objections to enforcement,is a state of inconsistency,which to some extent affects the parties’choice of litigation and their perception and judgment of judicial credibility.Unlike other civil litigations,in lawsuits related to objections to enforcement,an outsider is passively involved in the litigation due to the enforcement actions against others,and the losing party may not necessarily be at fault.Cases involving objections to enforcement encompass both property-related and non-property-related types,with diverse case types and mostly large claim amounts.It is recommended to clearly distinguish between property-related and non-property-related cases of different types in lawsuits related to objections to enforcement and to stipulate different fee bases accordingly.At the same time,the responsibility for paying the fees should be shifted from the losing party to both the losing party and the true fault party(the person subject to enforcement),and improving the relief channels,to highlighting the advocacy of integrity and comprehensive protection of litigation rights.

关 键 词：执行异议之诉 诉讼费 诉权保护 

分 类 号：D925.1[政治法律—诉讼法学]