水冷电弧炉炉盖环状焊缝自动焊接装置设计  

Design of Automatic Welding Device for Annular Weld seam of Water-cooled Electric Arc Furnace Cover

作　　者：杨子龙 吉晓民[1] Yang Zilong;Ji Xiaomin(School of Art and Design,Xi’an University of Technology,Xi’an 710054,China)

机构地区：[1]西安理工大学艺术与设计学院,西安710054

出　　处：《机电工程技术》2024年第10期78-84,共7页Mechanical & Electrical Engineering Technology

摘　　要：为解决水冷电弧炉炉盖生产过程中生产效率低、劳动强度大、劳动条件差以及焊接质量不稳定等问题,设计了一种适用于不同规格炉盖的自动化焊接技术方案。根据工艺要求设计了焊枪移动装置、焊枪调整装置和端部回转装置,完成了移动电机和回转电机的计算选型。在此基础上针对于多规格环状焊缝提出了一种焊接路径编程方法;并在Rhino软件里用Grasshopper工具编写了根据炉盖模型提取焊接点坐标的程序,所得数据输入控制系统对机械结构进行控制,从而完成对不同规格炉盖焊接作业;在WPL Soft环境下编写焊枪移动和焊接的PLC程序,并利用DOP Soft完成人机界面设计。为了验证系统的安全性和可靠性,利用RobotStudio软件搭建焊接工作站进行仿真,验证结果表明该系统的准确性和稳定性达到预期效果。与传统人工焊接相比,该自动焊接装置效率提高约50%,同时极大地降低了生产成本,为水冷电弧炉炉盖生产提供了高效的技术方案。In order to solve the problems of low production efficiency,high labor intensity,poor working conditions and unstable welding quality in the production process of water-cooled electric arc furnace covers,an automatic welding technology scheme suitable for different specifications of furnace covers is designed.According to the process requirements,the welding torch moving device,the welding torch adjustment device and the end slewing device are designed,and the calculation and selection of the moving motor and the rotary motor are completed.On this basis,a welding path programming method is proposed for multi-specification annular welds.In the Rhino software,the Grasshopper tool is used to write a program to extract the coordinates of the welding point according to the furnace lid model,and the obtained data is input into the control system to control the mechanical structure,so as to complete the welding operation of the furnace cover of different specifications.PLC programs for torch movement and welding are written in the WPL Soft environment,and the human-machine interface design is completed with DOP Soft.In order to verify the safety and reliability of the system,the welding workstation is built by RobotStudio software for simulation,and the verification results show that the accuracy and stability of the system reached the expected effect.Compared with the traditional manual welding,the efficiency of the automatic welding device is increased by about 50%,and the production cost is greatly reduced,which provides an efficient technical solution for the production of water-cooled electric arc furnace covers.

关 键 词：自动化焊接 结构设计 路径规划 PLC控制 人机界面 

分 类 号：TP23[自动化与计算机技术—检测技术与自动化装置] TP27[自动化与计算机技术—控制科学与工程]