The roles and mechanisms of miRNA in HBV-HCC carcinogenesis:Why no therapeutic agents after 30 years?  

作　　者：KURT SARTORIUS BENN SARTORIUS CHERIE WINKLER ANIL CHUTURGOON ANNA KRAMVIS PING AN WEIGANG ZHANG YUNJIE LU 

机构地区：[1]Hepatitis Diversity Research Unit,School of Internal Medicine,University of the Witwatersrand,Johannesburg,2050,South Africa [2]School of Laboratory Medicine and Molecular Sciences,University of KwaZulu-Natal,Durban,4041,South Africa [3]Africa HepatoPancreatoBiliary Cancer Consortium(AHPBCC),Mayo Clinic,Jacksonville,MN 55902,USA [4]Centre for Clinical Research(UQCCR),Faculty of Medicine,University of Queensland,Brisbane,NSW2580,Australia [5]Basic Research Laboratory,Centre for Cancer Research,National Cancer Institute,Leidos Biomedical Research,Inc.,Frederick Nat.Lab.for Cancer Research,Frederick,MD 240,USA [6]Department of Hepatobiliary and Pancreatic Surgery,The First Affiliated Hospital of Soochow University,Suzhou,215100,China [7]Department of General Surgery,Wujin Hospital Affiliated with Jiangsu University,Zhenjiang,212013,China

出　　处：《BIOCELL》2024年第11期1543-1567,共25页生物细胞（英文）

摘　　要：Hepatitis B-associated hepatocellular carcinoma (HBV-HCC) remains an intractable high-mortality solidtumor cancer that accounted for 42% of global HCC cases in 2019. Despite some developments in systemic therapy,only a small subset of late-stage HCC patients responds positively to recently developed therapeutic innovations.MicroRNAs (miRNAs) act as an ancillary epigenetic system that can regulate genome expression in all cancerpathways including HCC. The molecular mechanisms of miRNA regulation in cancer pathogenesis offered researchersa new approach that was widely hoped would translate into miRNA-based drugs and diagnostics. Thirty years on,miRNA-based diagnostic and therapeutic agents for HCC remain a work-in-progress (WIP) and no current miRNAHCC clinical trial has progressed to Phase 4. The question remains why this is the case after 30 years and what is theway forward. The major findings and contribution of this paper are that it illustrates the complexity of the HBVmiRNA interactome in HBV-HCC in all cellular processes, as well as the ancillary role of miRNA in the epigeneticand immune systems. This is combined with a review of the outcomes and problems of clinical trials, to explain whymiRNA therapeutics and diagnostics have not progressed to approved drugs or serum-based diagnostic tests. The wayforward suggests a radical rethink might be so that involves the incorporation of AI, bioinformatics, andnanotechnology to solve the problem.

关 键 词：MIRNA Molecular mechanisms HBV-HCC Pathogenesis Cellular-processes EPIGENETIC Im-mune-response Therapeutics Diagnostics 

分 类 号：R730[医药卫生—肿瘤]