担保贷款双重欺诈行为的定性研究  

Qualitative study on double fraud in secured loans

作　　者：李晓楠 Li Xiaonan(China University of Political Science and Law,Beijing 100088,China)

机构地区：[1]中国政法大学,北京100088

出　　处：《辽宁公安司法管理干部学院学报》2024年第5期75-87,共13页Journal of Liaoning Administrators College of Police and Justice

基　　金：2023年度最高人民检察院检察理论研究课题“数据要素的刑法规制研究”(项目编号:GJ2023D19)的阶段性研究成果。

摘　　要：担保贷款双重欺诈行为涉及刑民交叉,内部法律关系较为复杂,理论界和实务界对该行为的定性存在较大分歧。现有的定性模式存在对担保权本质属性的理解不足以及对担保权效力的探讨缺失等漏洞。担保权作为一种财产性利益,在刑法评价中具有“排除犯罪性”,能够弥补金融机构的财产损失。贷款诈骗罪模式忽视了担保权在财产犯罪中的地位,从而在财产损失要件的判断上存在误区;合同诈骗罪模式抓住了担保权这一关键性问题,但仍存在混淆担保权本身和担保权实现的漏洞。正确的定性思路应当是在确认金融机构取得的担保权合法有效的前提下,界分担保权本身与担保权的实现,最终采用合同诈骗罪模式认定行为人对担保人构成合同诈骗罪。The double fraud of secured loans involves the intersection of criminal and civil law,and the internal legal relationship is relatively complex,so there are great differences in the characterization of this behavior between the theoretical and practical circles.The existing qualitative model has loopholes such as insufficient understanding of the essential attributes of the security right and lack of discussion on the effectiveness of the security right.As a property interest,the security right has“exclusion of crime”in the evaluation of criminal law and can make up for the property losses of financial institutions.The model of loan fraud crime ignores the status of the security right in property crimes,and thus there are misunderstandings in the judgment of the elements of property loss;while the model of contract fraud crime grasps the key issue of the security right,but there is still a loophole of confusing the security right itself and the realization of the security right.The correct qualitative thinking should be to distinguish the security right itself from the realization of the security right on the premise of confirming that the security right obtained by the financial institution is legal and valid,and finally adopt the model of contract fraud crime to determine that the perpetrator has committed contract fraud against the guarantor.

关 键 词：合同诈骗罪 贷款诈骗罪 财产损失 担保权 

分 类 号：D924.3[政治法律—刑法学]