《4321》的虚构化行为:关于个人和集体史的新现实主义叙事  

The Fictionalizing Act in 4321:Neo-Realistic Narrative of Private and Collective Histories

作　　者：李琼[1] Qiong Li(College of Foreign Languages and Cultures,Xiamen University,Xiamen,Fujian,China)

机构地区：[1]厦门大学外文学院,福建厦门361005

出　　处：《外国语言与文化》2024年第3期89-98,共10页Foreign Languages and Cultures

摘　　要：保罗·奥斯特在《4321》中描述了两种现实。一种是想象的,但也可能真实存在的平行世界生活,它符合多世界理论对于客观现实的看法,在个人或然历史的虚构基础上强调本体存在的多维性、不确定性和偶然性。另一种是20世纪初至60年代末的美国历史现实,尤其是反战运动和大学生校园运动,它揭露了美国主流意识形态的虚构性和阴暗面,也反映了作者本人的新左派政治立场。在小说里,奥斯特有机融合现实主义创作原则和后现代叙事技巧,通过虚构化行为将个人或然历史与集体历史层层交织,既揭示了个体自我塑造的多重可能性,也表征了当代美国新现实主义小说的社会批判功能和基本叙事特征。Paul Auster fictionalizes two kinds of reality in 4321.One is of the alternative personal lives that may well be real in the parallel worlds,the other is about the real-life American history that spans seventy years of the twentieth century.The former accords with the many-worlds theory and its conception of reality,stressing on the ideas of multilayered being and ontological indeterminacy and fortuity.The latter highlights the anti-war movement and the rebellion at Columbia University in the 1960s.It exposes the fictionality and dark sides of American dominant ideology and reveals Auster's new-leftist political position.The fictionalizing act in this novel enables the author to integrate realistic principles of writing with postmodern narrative devices and interweave private histories with collective ones.In this way he illustrates the infinite potential possibility of personal life and the social critical function of contemporary American Neo-realistic fiction as well as its fundamental narrative features.

关 键 词：虚构化行为 个人或然历史 集体历史 新现实主义叙事 保罗·奥斯特 

分 类 号：I712[文学—其他各国文学]