椒蒿精油成分随生长时间的OPLS-DA分析  

Chemometrics Analysis of the Components of Artemisia dracunculus L.Essential Oil with Growth Time

作　　者：孙艺铭 杨嘉璐 后春静 李守柱 王林庆 高涵泽 SUN Yi-ming;YANG Jia-lu;HOU Chun-jing;LI Shou-zhu;WANG Lin-qing;GAO Han-ze(Xinjiang Institute of Technology,Aksu,Xinjiang 843100,China;Xinjiang Key Laboratory of New Energy and Energy Storage Technology,Aksu,Xinjiang 843100,China)

机构地区：[1]新疆理工学院,新疆阿克苏843100 [2]新疆新能源与储能技术重点实验室,新疆阿克苏843100

出　　处：《粮油食品科技》2024年第6期92-98,共7页Science and Technology of Cereals,Oils and Foods

基　　金：新疆维吾尔自治区自然科学基金(青年科学基金)项目(2023D01C221);大学生创新创业训练计划项目(202413558005)。

摘　　要：为探究不同生长时间椒蒿精油品质的差异性,采用气相色谱-质谱(GC-MS)联用技术对椒蒿精油的化学成分进行分析,通过正交偏最小二乘法判别分析(OPLS-DA)和聚类热图分析验证生长时间对其化学成分及相对含量的影响。GC-MS分析结果表明,各生长时间共有物质25种,其中13种萜烯类、9种醇类、3种其他物质,除此之外在个别生长时间还检测出酯类、脂肪酸及酮类等物质。聚类热图分析表明,大多数物质含量在采摘时间S1和S2较多,S3和S4次之,S5和S6最低。萜烯类物质整体呈现先下降后上升再下降的趋势,萜烯类物质总的相对含量在4月份相对偏高,5月份次之,6月份最低。醇类物质在S4之前各生长时间含量相对较多,S4之后相对含量变少,同时α-生育酚在S4之前含量也较多。变量投影重要性(VIP)分析表明,共有5种物质的VIP大于1,分别为榄香素、α-蒎烯、3-蒈烯、γ-谷甾醇、β-谷甾醇。因此,5月下旬之前采摘椒蒿并提取精油,得到的椒蒿精油品质相对较好。To explore the differences in the quality of Artemisia dracunculus L essential oil at different growth times,gas chromatography-mass spectrometry(GC-MS)was used to analyze the chemical components of Artemisia annua essential oil.The influence of growth time on its chemical composition and relative content was verified through orthogonal partial least squares discriminant analysis(OPLS-DA)and polymer thermal map analysis.The GC-MS analysis results showed that there were a total of 25 substances at each growth time,including 13 terpenes,9 alcohols,and 3 other substances.In addition,esters,fatty acids,and ketones were also detected at individual growth times.Cluster heatmap analysis showed that most substances had higher content in S1 and S2,followed by S3 and S4,and S5 and S6 had the lowest content.The overall trend of terpenes was that they first decreased,followed by increasing,and then decreased.The total relative content of terpenes was relatively high in April,followed by May,and the lowest of that was in June.The content of alcohol substances was relatively higher before S4 at various growth times,but decreased after S4.At the same time,the content of α-tocopherol was also higher before S4,and Variable Importance for the Projection(VIP)analysis showed that there were a total of 5 substances with VIP greater than 1,namely oleiferinα-Pinene,3-Carene γ-Sitosterol β-Sitosterol,respectively.Therefore,havesting Artemisia annua and extracting essential oil before late May cauld yield Artemisia annua essential oil of relatively better quality.

关 键 词：椒蒿 生长时间 精油 OPLS-DA 

分 类 号：TS201.1[轻工技术与工程—食品科学]