西瓜黄萎病菌种群结构类型及致病性分析  

Analysis of the population structure types and pathogenicity of Verticillium dahliae from watermelon

作　　者：鹿秀云[1] 苏振贺 刘晓萌 商俊燕[1] 王莹[1] 张晓云[1] 郭庆港[1] 李社增[1] 马平[1] LU Xiuyun;SU Zhenhe;LIU Xiaomeng;SHANG Junyan;WANG Ying;ZHANG Xiaoyun;GUO Qinggang;LI Shezeng;MA Ping(Plant Protection Institute,Hebei Academy of Agriculture and Forestry Sciences/Key Laboratory of Integrated Pest Management on Crops in Northern Region of North China,Ministry of Agriculture and Rural Affairs,P.R.China/IPM Innovation Center of Hebei Province/International Science and Technology Joint Research Center on IPM of Hebei Province,Baoding 071000,China)

机构地区：[1]河北省农林科学院植物保护研究所,农业农村部华北北部作物有害生物综合治理重点实验室,河北省农业有害生物综合防治技术创新中心,河北省作物有害生物综合防治国际科技联合研究中心,保定071000

出　　处：《植物病理学报》2024年第5期890-901,共12页Acta Phytopathologica Sinica

基　　金：国家棉花产业技术体系(CARS-15-19);国家重点研发计划(2022YFD1400300);河北省现代农业产业技术体系(HBCT2023070201)。

摘　　要：为明确引起西瓜黄萎病的大丽轮枝菌(Verticillium dahliae)种群结构类型、致病性差异以及对不同作物的潜在风险,通过PCR扩增技术对20株来源于西瓜的V.dahliae生理型、生理小种和交配型进行了测定,利用伤根接种法对其致病性分化进行研究,同时测定了6种其他作物来源的V.dahliae对西瓜的致病性以及西瓜来源V.dahliae对4种作物的致病性。结果表明,供试的20株V.dahliae菌株经鉴定均为非落叶型、2号生理小种和MAT1-2-1交配型。该20株V.dahliae对西瓜的致病性菌株间存在一定的差异,AUDPC值从238.92到606.81之间,其中菌株WM05和WM14的AUDPC分别为606.81和514.72,显著高于其他18株V.dahliae,致病性相对较强;而菌株WM01、WM20、WM24和WM19的AUDPC仅为238.92、249.15、256.11和257.45,致病性相对较弱。来源于棉花、茄子等6种作物的V.dahliae均能侵染西瓜,且对西瓜的致病性存在显著差异。来源于西瓜的V.dahliae能够侵染供试的4种作物,对茄子的致病性最强,对棉花的致病性最弱,对马铃薯和向日葵的致病性与对西瓜的致病性相当。研究结果将为西瓜黄萎病的防治提供技术支撑。In order to clarify the the population structure types,pathogenicity and the potential risks to different crops of Verticillium wilt of watermelon,the physiological type,physiological races,mating types and pathogenicity differentiation of Verticillium dahliae from watermelon were measured and the pathogenicity of 20 strains was studied by using root-drenching method.At the same time,the pathogenicity to watermelon of V.dahliae from six crops and the pathogenicity to four crops of V.dahliae from watermelon were determined.The results showed that all the 20 strains were identified as nondefoliated stains,physiological race 2 and MAT1-2-1 mating type.There were significant differences in the pathogenicity among the tested strains,the AUDPC values were from 238.92 to 606.81,the AUDPC values of WM05 and WM14 strains were 606.81 and 514.72,respectively,which were significantly higher than those of the other 18 strains.The pathogenicity of WM05 and WM14 strains was relatively strong.However,the AUDPC values of WM01,WM20,WM24 and WM19 strains were only 238.92,249.15,256.11 and 257.45,which showed relatively weak pathogenicity.V.dahliae from cotton,eggplant,potato,sunflower,tomato and honeysuckle could infect watermelon,and there were significant differences in pathogenicity.V.dahliae from watermelon could infect cotton,eggplant,potato and sunflower.The pathogenicity was the strongest on eggplant and was the weakest on cotton,and was comparable to that of watermelon on potato and sunflower.

关 键 词：西瓜 黄萎病 大丽轮枝菌 生理型 生理小种 交配型 致病性 

分 类 号：S432.44[农业科学—植物病理学]