黑龙江省野生山刺玫优良种源选择利用研究  

Study on the Selection and Utilization of Excellent Provenance of Wild Rosa davurica in Heilongjiang Province

作　　者：方玉凤 温宝阳 王英东 FANG Yufeng;WEN Baoyang;WANG Yingdong(Qiqihar Branch Heilongjiang Academy of Forestry Sciences,Heilongjiang Qiqihar 161005)

机构地区：[1]黑龙江省林业科学院齐齐哈尔分院,黑龙江齐齐哈尔161005

出　　处：《林业科技》2024年第6期1-6,共6页Forestry Science & Technology

基　　金：黑龙江省省属科研院所科研业务费非竞争项目:黑龙江省山刺玫种质资源评价及选择利用研究(项目编号:CZKYF2022Q003);林业公益性行业科研专项:东北乡土木本粮油树种良种选育及利用研究(项目编号:201304704)。

摘　　要：为研究黑龙江省不同种源野生山刺玫的花朵、果肉和种籽营养成分的差异性,为野生山刺玫产业化资源开发利用及栽培方向提供科学依据。以前期工作为基础,筛选出在表型性状及种籽氨基酸营养成分方面表现较好的5个种源为试验材料,对花朵、果肉和种籽的营养成分进行比较分析,筛选优良种源。结果表明:5个种源山刺玫的花朵还原型维C、多糖、游离氨基酸、总酚和总黄酮含量分别为1.707~2.067、3.725~5.631、1.375~1.922、14.036~17.338和5.430~6.836 mg/g。果肉还原型维C、多糖、游离氨基酸含量分别为1.245~1.771、7.000~10.479和0.130~0.301 mg/g,大果刺玫种源在果肉还原型维C和多糖含量方面表现最佳。种籽粗脂肪含量为2.553~6.305 g/100 g,5个种源均存在显著差异(P<0.05),大果刺玫种源的含量最高。主成分分析提取了2个主要成分,累积贡献率为89.941%,综合了这9个营养成分基本特征的主要信息,综合得分依次为:鸡西胜利林场种源>大果刺玫种源>穆棱市代马沟种源>龙江错海林场种源>双鸭山宝山经营所种源。野生山刺玫花朵和果实中营养成分含量丰富,具有较高的研究开发价值,鸡西胜利林场和大果刺玫种源的综合表现最佳,其中,大果刺玫种源又因其花朵、果肉和种籽的生长、形质、营养成分等特点表现较好,配合口感佳、味甜表现突出,适宜推广种植、加工利用。To compare the difference of nutrients in flowers,flesh and seeds of wild Rosa davurica from different provenances in Heilongjiang Province,to provide scientific basis for the exploitation,utilization of the industrial resources and cultivation direction of wild Rosa davurica.Five provenances with better phenotypic traits and amino acid nutrients of seeds were selected as experimental materials based on previous work,to compare and analyze the nutritional components of flowers,flesh and seeds for screening of excellent provenances.The results showed that reduced vitamin C,polysaccharide,free amino acid,total phenols and total flavone in flowers were 1.707~2.067、3.725~5.631、1.375~1.922、14.036~17.338 and 5.430~6.836 mg/g.Reduced vitamin C,polysaccharide and free amino acid in flesh were 1.245~1.771、7.000~10.479 and 0.130~0.301 mg/g,while DG provenance showed the best performance in terms of reduced vitamin C and polysaccharide content in flesh.Crude fat in seed was 2.553~6.305 g/100 g,there were significant differences among the 5 provenances(P<0.05),DG provenance showed the best content.Principal component analysis extracted two main components,and the cumulative contribution rate was 89.941%,main information of 9 nutrients was synthesized.The overall score was:JS>DG>MD>LC>YB.Nutrients in flower and flesh were abundant in wild Rosa davurica,worthy of research and development,overall performance of JS and DG provenances were the best,while DG provenance was suitable for promotion of planting,processing and utilization based on growth,shape quality,nutritional composition of flower,pulp and seed,with good taste,sweet performance outstanding performance.

关 键 词：还原型维C 多糖 游离氨基酸 主成分 花朵 

分 类 号：Q949.751.8[生物学—植物学]