《学位法》时代学术复核制度的法治逻辑  

The logic of the institutional rule of law in academic review in the era of the Academic Degree Law

作　　者：姚荣 王倩 YAO Rong;WANG Qian(Institute of Higher Education,East China Normal University,Shanghai 200062,China)

机构地区：[1]华东师范大学高等教育研究所,上海200062

出　　处：《高校教育管理》2024年第6期56-69,共14页Journal of Higher Education Management

基　　金：国家社会科学基金(教育学)青年课题(CIA230318)。

摘　　要：学术复核制度作为维护学位申请人合法权益、规范学位授予权行使、实质性化解学位争议的一大制度创新,旨在发挥其促进学术公正、尊重学术自治的价值功能。为了考察实践中高校学术复核制度的运行逻辑,本研究对96所“双一流”建设高校的准学术复核制度文本进行分析发现,当前学术复核制度在实践中面临受理范围类别有限且条件苛刻、受理机构独立性欠缺和专业性不足、专家回避原则执行不力和人员构成不尽合理、复核处理期限不明和申请人参与程度低等多重法治困境。为将学术复核制度建设纳入法治轨道,我国应从规范制定、制度实施、强化监督三个维度着手,建立健全《学位法》框架下的学术复核办法,完善学术复核内部治理体系,建立和完善学术复核制度的国家监督体系,以促进学位争议案件中学术评价纠纷的实质和公正解决。The academic review system is a significant institutional innovation aimed at protecting the legitimate rights of degree applicants,regulating the exercise of degree-granting authority,and resolving degree-related disputes.It seeks to promote academic fairness and respect for academic autonomy.To examine the practical logic and operational status of this system in universities,a textual analysis was conducted on the quasi-academic review systems of 96"Double First-class"initiative institutions.The study found that the current implementation faces multiple legal challenges:limited and stringent conditions for acceptance,lack of independence and professionalism in handling bodies,poor enforcement of expert recusal,and unreasonable composition of personnel.Additionally,there are issues with unclear processing timelines and low applicant participation.To address these,China should focus on three areas:standardizing regulations,implementing systems,and enhancing oversight.This includes establishing and improving academic review methods under the Academic Degree Law,strengthening the internal governance of academic reviews,and creating a national supervision system for academic reviews.These measures aim to ensure fair and substantive resolution of academic evaluation disputes in degree-related cases.

关 键 词：《学位法》 学术复核制度 “双一流”建设高校 学术自治 受理范围 受理机构 专家遴选 程序运行 

分 类 号：G640[文化科学—高等教育学]