北京市不同户外活动时间中小学生睡眠与近视关系  

Relationship between sleep and myopia among primary and secondary school students with different durations of outdoor activities in Beijing:a cross-sectional survey

作　　者：张京舒 李婷 杨涵 秦冉 赵海[1] 王路[1] 孙冰洁[1] 郭欣[1] ZHANG Jingshu;LI Ting;YANG Han;QIN Ran;ZHAO Hai;WANG Lu;SUN Bingjie;GUO Xin(Beijing Center for Disease Prevention and Control,Beijing 100013,China)

机构地区：[1]北京市疾病预防控制中心,北京100013

出　　处：《中国公共卫生》2024年第10期1201-1205,共5页Chinese Journal of Public Health

基　　金：国家重点研发计划项目(2021YFC2702102);北京市卫生健康委员会高层次公共卫生技术人才建设项目(领军人才-01-09)。

摘　　要：目的分析北京市中小学生不同户外活动时间下睡眠与近视的关系,为儿童青少年近视防控提供科学依据。方法于2021年9—12月采用分层随机整群抽样方法选取22957名中小学生作为研究对象,采用多因素logistic回归模型,分析不同户外活动时间学生睡眠与近视的关系。结果参与调查学生的近视率为71.6%,每天户外活动时间不足的学生占比为61.0%,睡眠时间不足的学生占比为70.0%。睡眠时间不足学生的近视率(73.6%)高于睡眠时间充足的学生(67.2%)(χ^(2)=96.970,P<0.001)。多因素logistic回归分析结果显示,调整性别、城乡、学段、父母是否近视、放学后做作业/读书写字时间、看电视时间、天黑后看电子屏幕时是否关灯后,在户外活动时间不足的学生中,睡眠时间不足学生发生近视的风险是睡眠时间充足学生的1.10倍(95%CI=1.03~1.18,P<0.05)。按性别分析,男生结果与总体类似,而女生未发现睡眠与近视存在关联。结论在户外活动时间不足的学生中,睡眠不足学生的近视率较高。家长和学校应引导学生多参与户外活动,确保学生睡眠时间充足,从而减少近视发生的风险。Objective To analyze the relationship between sleep and myopia in primary and secondary school students with different durations of outdoor activities in Beijing,aiming to provide an evidence for myopia prevention and control in the students.Methods From September to December 2021,24326 students recruited using stratified random cluster sampling from 16 districts in Beijing municipality underwent visual acuity testing and an on-site anonymous online questionnaire survey.A multivariate logistic regression model was used to analyze the relationship between sleep duration and myopia in students with different durations of outdoor activities.Results Of the 22957 valid participants,71.6%were identified as having myopia,61.0%reported insufficient time spent outdoors,and 70.0%reported insufficient sleep.The prevalence of myopia was higher in participants with insufficient sleep than in those with sufficient sleep(73.6%vs.67.2%,χ^(2)=96.970;P<0.001).Multivariate logistic regression analysis showed that after adjustment for gender,urban/rural residence,education level,parental myopia,daily after-school study time,daily TV viewing time,daily screen viewing time,and whether they turn off the light when viewing screens after dark,among participants who reported insufficient time spent outdoors,those with insufficient sleep had an increased risk of myopia(odds ratio=1.10,95%confidence interval:1.03–1.18;P<0.05)compared to those with sufficient sleep;subsequent gender stratification analysis showed that the risk of myopia was increased in male and all participants,but not in female participants.Conclusion Among students with inadequate outdoor activity,the prevalence of myopia was higher among those with inadequate sleep,suggesting that parents and teachers should encourage students to participate in more outdoor activity and ensure adequate sleep to reduce the risk of myopia.

关 键 词：睡眠 户外活动 近视 学生 北京市 

分 类 号：R778.11[医药卫生—眼科] R179[医药卫生—临床医学]