中国黄牛全基因组测序研究进展  

Research Progress on Whole Genome Sequencing of Chinese Cattle

作　　者：蔡保 郭宪[1] Cai Bao;Guo Xian(Lanzhou Institute of Husbandry and Pharmaceutical,Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences/Key Laboratory of Animal Genetics and Breeding on Tibet Plateau,Ministry of Agriculture and Rural Affairs/Key Laboratory of Yak Breeding in Gansu Province,Lanzhou,730050,Gansu)

机构地区：[1]中国农业科学院兰州畜牧与兽药研究所/农业农村部青藏高原畜禽遗传育种重点实验室/甘肃省牦牛繁育重点实验室,甘肃兰州730050

出　　处：《中国畜禽种业》2024年第10期17-30,共14页The Chinese Livestock and Poultry Breeding

基　　金：甘肃省科技计划科技特派团专项(23CXNH0016);甘肃省科技计划科技特派员(基地)专项(23CXNH0017);财政部和农业农村部-现代农业(肉牛牦牛)产业技术体系建设专项(CARS-37);中国农业科学院科技创新工程(25-LZIHPS-01)。

摘　　要：全基因组测序技术为解析物种的遗传多样性和挖掘主效基因提供了有力支撑。中国黄牛作为我国重要的家畜品种,不仅在农业生产中发挥着重要作用,而且在生物学研究中具有独特的科学价值。对中国黄牛进行全基因组测序,不仅有助于解析其基因组结构和功能元件,还能为品种改良和现代育种提供科学依据。该文主要以中国黄牛的起源与进化为切入点,从生长发育与肉质、适应性、产奶性能等方面综述了中国地方黄牛功能性基因鉴定与挖掘的国内外研究进展;同时对中国黄牛基因组组装机调控机理解析的未来研究方向进行了展望,旨在为相关领域的研究者提供最新的研究动态和科学依据。Whole-genome sequencing technology provided important data support for analyzing the genetic diversity of species and exploring major genes.As an important livestock breed in China,Chinese cattle not only play an important role in agricultural production,but also have unique scientific value in biological research.The whole genome sequencing of Chinese cattle not only helps to analyze its genome structure and functional elements,but also provides a scientific basis for variety improvement and modern breeding.Based on the origin and evolution,this paper reviewed main research progress on whole genome sequencing of Chinese yellow cattle in recent years,especially on identifying the important genes and variant loci related to traits such growth and development,meat quality,adaptability and milk production performance of Chinese local cattle.At the same time,the future research direction of genome function and regulation analysis was prospected in Chinese cattle,aiming to provide a genetic basis for Chinese cattle's evolution and breeding researches.

关 键 词：中国黄牛 全基因组测序 遗传变异 现代育种 

分 类 号：S852[农业科学—基础兽医学]