基于克希霍夫反偏移的三维自由界面多次波预测  

3D Free Interface Multiple Wave Prediction Based on Kirchhoff Demigration

作　　者：王志亮 刘波 麻旭刚 李江 董江河 夏冬明[3] Wang Zhiliang;Liu Bo;Ma Xugang;Li Jiang;Dong Jianghe;Xia Dongming(CNOOC Tianjin Branch Company,Tianjin 300459,China;China Offshore Fugro Geosolutions(Shenzhen)Company Limited,Tianjin 300459,China;College of Marine Geosciences,Ocean University of China,Qingdao 266100,China)

机构地区：[1]中海石油(中国)有限公司天津分公司,天津300459 [2]中海辉固地学服务(深圳)有限公司,天津300459 [3]中国海洋大学海洋地球科学学院,山东青岛266100

出　　处：《中国海洋大学学报（自然科学版）》2024年第12期110-119,共10页Periodical of Ocean University of China

基　　金：国家自然科学基金项目(42074138);崂山实验室科技创新项目(2021WHZZB0703)资助。

摘　　要：在海上三维常规拖缆地震采集中,联络测线方向的震源间距较为稀疏,且受缆数本文的限制该方向的检波点数极少、炮检距范围也很有限,该方向地震道数偏少严重影响了自由界面多次波预测精度。本文针对三维自由界面多次波衰减(SRME)存在的主要问题,利用时域克希霍夫反偏移构建多次波预测贡献道,在传统自由界面多次波迭代方程的基础上推导了新的三维自由界面多次波预测方程,提出了该三维自由界面多次波衰减方法应用于实际生产的迭代处理思路。理论模型实验与野外资料的处理实验结果证明了所提出方法能够有效预测自由界面多次波,在复杂海域尤其是崎岖海底区域的多次波压制中具有良好的应用前景。In the three-dimensional offshore conventional towed cable seismic acquisition,the focal distance in the direction of the contact survey line is sparse,and limited by the number of cables,the number of detection points in this direction is very small,the range of offset is also limited,the lack of seismic track seriously affects the accuracy of free interface multiple wave prediction.In order to solve the main problems of 3D free interface multiple attenuation(SRME),a new 3D free interface multiple attenuation equation was derived based on the traditional free interface multiple attenuation equation,and the iterative processing idea of applying the 3D free interface multiple attenuation method to practical production was proposed.The results of theoretical model experiment and field data processing experiment show that the proposed method can effectively predict multiples at free interface and has a good application prospect in multiples suppression in complex sea areas,especially in rugged seabed areas.

关 键 词：多次波预测 克希霍夫反偏移 振幅随偏移距变化 地震数据处理 拖缆地震勘探 

分 类 号：P631.4[天文地球—地质矿产勘探]