运动疗法改善帕金森病运动功能障碍的研究进展  

Advances in motor therapy to improve dyskinesia in Parkinson's disease

作　　者：曹晓生 王顺[1,2] 张亚珂[1] CAO Xiao-sheng;WANG Shun;ZHANG Ya-ke

机构地区：[1]黑龙江中医药大学,黑龙江哈尔滨150040 [2]黑龙江中医药大学附属第二医院,黑龙江哈尔滨150001

出　　处：《中国疗养医学》2024年第12期83-88,共6页Chinese Journal of Convalescent Medicine

摘　　要：帕金森病(Parkinson's disease,PD)是一种多发于中老年人的脑黑质多巴胺能神经元丧失的神经退行性疾病,其发病机制尚未完全明确。帕金森病常伴姿势不稳、步态冻结、平衡障碍、肌强直、静止性震颤等运动症状。临床上多采用药物、手术、针灸等手段来缓解症状。运动疗法作为新兴的辅助治疗手段,包括平衡训练、阻力训练、太极拳、舞蹈、虚拟现实技术等,具有无痛无创、经济安全、简便易学、可行性高的优点,并且在临床可做为个体化定制方案来治疗。本文主要对帕金森病伴姿势不稳、步态冻结、平衡障碍的运动疗法机制进行综述,探讨比较运动疗法类型,旨在明确各种运动疗法的优劣,归纳总结目前运动疗法中存在的问题,为将来临床上选择安全性强,健康高效的运动疗法提供参考。Parkinson's disease(PD)is a neurodegenerative disease characterized as the loss of dopaminergic neurons in the substantia nigra of the brain that occurs mostly in middle-aged and older adults,and its pathogenesis has not been fully clarified.PD is often accompanied by motor symptoms,such as postural instability,gait freezing,balance disorders,muscle tonus,and resting tremors.Drugs,surgery,acupuncture,and other therapeutic strategies are mostly used to alleviate the symptoms of PD.Exercise therapy is an emerging adjunctive therapy for PD,including balance training,resistance training,tai chi,dance,and virtual reality technology.It is painless,non-invasive,economically safe,easy to learn,and highly feasible,serving as an individualized and customized program for the treatment of PD.In this paper,we reviewed the mechanism of exercise therapy for PD with postural instability,gait freezing,and balance disorders,and discuss and compare the types of exercise therapy,aiming to clarify the advantages and disadvantages of various exercise therapies,summarize the current problems of exercise therapies,and provide a reference for selecting safe,healthy,and efficient exercise therapies in the future.

关 键 词：运动疗法 帕金森病 运动障碍 

分 类 号：R742.5[医药卫生—神经病学与精神病学]