论我国民事诉讼诚信原则的适用范围——兼论本土案例组的生成与反思  

On the Scope of the Principle of Good Faith in Civil Procedure Law——also Discussing the Formation and Reflection of Local Cases Groups

作　　者：任重[1] REN Zhong

机构地区：[1]清华大学法学院

出　　处：《当代法学》2024年第6期131-143,共13页Contemporary Law Review

基　　金：国家社科基金重大项目“民法典与民事诉讼法的协同实施研究”(22&ZD206)的阶段性成果。

摘　　要：我国民事诉讼诚信原则的重心是规制虚假诉讼、恶意诉讼、无理缠诉等不诚信诉讼行为,其适用范围的厘定始终面临当事人主义诉讼模式尚未最终建立、处分原则和辩论原则的约束性尚不充分的发展阶段限制。随着实体程序衔接和民刑交错的规制体系逐步建立完善,诚信原则亟待夯实漏洞填补之固有功能。2013年以来较为丰富的裁判文书为本土案例组的生成提供了土壤,即以法官诚信原则和当事人诚信原则为基本分类,进一步延伸至法官禁反言原则、诉讼权利滥用规制原则、诉讼权利漏洞填补原则等两类三种开放式本土案例组。法官诚信原则之适用呈现谦抑性,当事人诚信原则却存在泛化理解与恣意判定。诚信原则不应替代具体制度成为直接裁判根据,不宜突破强制性诉讼规范,对滥用起诉权的判定宜遵循“排除一切合理怀疑”。当事人诚信原则的谦抑性有赖当事人主义诉讼模式的确立及其法典化的达成。The"Civil Procedure Law of the People's Republic of China"was amended in 2012,with the addition of the first paragraph to Article 13,which clearly stipulates the principle of good faith in civil litigation.Article 13 of the"Civil Procedure Law",along with the paragraph 3 of Article 59,Articles 114,115 and 116,form a structure including general and specific provisions.The purpose of the legislator in stipulating the principle of good faith in the"Civil Procedure Law"is to curb dishonest litigation behaviors such as false litigation,malicious litigation,repeated litigation,and unreasonable litigation.Through the development of civil procedure system,the principle of good faith in civil procedure exists within the developed adversary system,and it plays a role in correcting the traditional adversary system.The adversary system has not been fully established in China.The true principle of disposition and principle of debate have not been established in Chinese Civil Procedure Law and also not applied in civil judicial practice in China.For the above reasons,the principle of good faith is likely to be abused in practice.There are mainly two topics for the studies on the scope of the principle of good faith in civil procedure,which are curbing dishonest litigation behaviors and introducing the case groups of the principle of good faith in civil procedure law from the perspective of comparative law.The former aims at the regulatory function of the principle of good faith in civil procedure,which means suppressing dishonest litigation behaviors represented by false litigation through targeted legislation,judicial interpretation,and judicial documents.The latter focuses on the filling function of the principle of good faith in civil procedure,which means filling the gaps in civil procedure legal system under the guidance of justice,and then systematically achieving the good faith in the parties'litigation behavior.In order to more scientifically define the scope of the principle of good faith in civil procedure,this paper

关 键 词：诚信原则 恶意诉讼 虚假诉讼 裁判行为 诉权 

分 类 号：D925.1[政治法律—诉讼法学]