南黄海水体中溴代阻燃剂的时空分布与生态风险评估  

Spatial distribution,seasonal variation,and ecological risk of brominated flame retardants in the seawater of the South Yellow Sea,China

作　　者：陈亦洋 王奥博 唐建辉[1,2] CHEN Yiyang;WANG Aobo;TANG Jianhui(Key Laboratory of Coastal Environmental Processes and Ecological Remediation,Yantai Institute of Coastal Zone Research,Chinese Academy of Sciences,Yantai 264003,Shandong,China;Shandong Key Laboratory of Coastal Environmental Processes,Yantai 264003,Shandong,China;University of Chinese Academy of Sciences,Beijing 100049,China;Ehime University,Matsuyama 7908577,Japan)

机构地区：[1]中国科学院烟台海岸带研究所海岸带环境过程与生态修复重点实验室,山东烟台264003 [2]山东省海岸带环境过程重点实验室,山东烟台264003 [3]中国科学院大学,北京100049 [4]日本爱媛大学,日本松山7908577

出　　处：《地球化学》2024年第6期801-814,共14页Geochimica

基　　金：国家自然科学基金委山东省联合基金项目(U1806207);国家自然科学基金区域创新发展联合基金项目(U22A20607)联合资助;中国科学院海洋大科学中心“健康海洋”联合航次和国家自然科学基金委员会共享航次计划2019年度渤黄海科学考察实验研究(项目批准号:41849901)的支持

摘　　要：随着城市化和工业化进程的加快,中国成为世界上最大的溴代阻燃剂(BFRs)生产和使用国。江苏是我国重要的BFRs生产基地,江苏邻近的南黄海接收了大量陆源排放物,对海洋生态系统带来一定危害。但目前对BFRs在水体中污染水平关注较少,在中国黄海海域更是鲜有报道。本研究以南黄海水体中BFRs为研究对象,分别于2019年6月(春夏季)、8月(夏季)和11月(秋季)采集南黄海海域的表层和底层海水样品,利用气相色谱-质谱联用仪分析了水体中15种BFRs的污染水平、单体组成和时空分布特征,评估其生态风险。结果表明,黄海水体中总多溴联苯醚(∑_(8)PBDEs)的浓度为n.d.~91.86 pg/L,均值为6.32±12.99 pg/L;总新型溴代阻燃剂(∑_(7)NBFRs)的浓度为0.13~93.85 pg/L,均值为14.03±17.90 pg/L。从相态分配来看,90%以上BFRs富集在颗粒相中;从化合物组成来看,十溴联苯醚(BDE209)和十溴二苯乙烷(DBDPE)为主要的单体化合物。南黄海水体中BFRs的季节变化表现为6月>8月>11月,其中BDE209浓度均值分别为9.86±20.67 pg/L、5.00±3.57pg/L和2.87±3.08pg/L;DBDPE浓度均值分别为21.06±21.98 pg/L、12.12±17.41 pg/L和5.17±4.99pg/L。水平分布上总体表现出近岸高、远岸低的分布特征,河流输入是南黄海水体中BFRs的主要来源,黄海南部海域受长江输入影响显著;垂直分布上8月与11月黄海表、底水层间呈现出极为相似的分布特征,没有明显的浓度差异,与潮混合锋的存在阻挡了近岸高浓度污染物向远岸扩散有关。根据风险熵值法估算水体中PBDEs的生态风险,结果表明,南黄海中PBDEs风险水平主要来自于BDE209,并且整体上对水生生物的生态风险很低。With accelerated urbanization and industrialization,China has become the world’s largest producer and user of brominated flame retardants(BFRs).Jiangsu province is an important manufacturing base of BFRs in China,and its neighboring coastal sea has received a large amount of pollutants from land-based sources,posing a great threat to the marine ecosystem.However,little attention has been paid to the pollution levels of BFRs in water bodies,and even less has been reported in the Yellow Sea,China.The occurrence of 15 target brominated flame retardants(BFRs)in the surface and bottom layers of seawater of the Yellow Sea during June,August,and November 2019 were analyzed,and the concentrations,compositions,spatial distribution,seasonal variations,and ecological risks of BFRs were discussed.The total PBDE concentrations(Σ_(8)PBDEs)in the surface seawater ranged from n.d.to 91.86 pg/L,with an average concentration of 6.32±12.99 pg/L.The total novel BFRs concentrations(Σ_(7)NBFRs)in the surface seawater ranged from 0.13 pg/L to 93.85 pg/L,with an average concentration of 6.32±12.99 pg/L.BRFs were mainly present in the particulate phase,and DBDPE and BDE209 were the dominant compounds.The seasonal variation of BFRs in the South Yellow Sea was June>August>November.The mean BDE209 concentrations in the three months were 9.86±20.67 pg/L,5.00±3.57 pg/L,and 2.87±3.08 pg/L,respectively;and the mean DBDPE concentrations were 21.06±21.98 pg/L,12.12±17.41 pg/L,and 5.17±4.99 pg/L,respectively.The horizontal distribution of BFRs was characterized by high near-shore and low off-shore,which indicated that river input was the main source of BFRs in the seawater of the Yellow Sea,and the southern Yellow Sea was significantly influenced by the Yangtze River.In August and November,there was no noticeable difference in the vertical distribution of BFRs in the Yellow Sea.This indicates the existence of a mixed front with the tide that blocked the dispersion of high pollutant concentrations from the near shore to the far shore.Th

关 键 词：海水 溴代阻燃剂 分布特征 生态风险 黄海 

分 类 号：X142[环境科学与工程—环境科学]