再生水补给水体与天然水体浮游植物群落结构差异及其驱动因子分析  

Differences in phytoplankton community structure in water bodies recharged by reclaimed vs.natural water and their driving factors

作　　者：田雅琦 李凤娟 李魁晓[1,2] 杨宋琪 王依琳 王蒙 TIAN Yaqi;LI Fengjuan;LI Kuixiao;YANG Songqi;WANG Yilin;WANG Meng(Beijing Urban Drainage Group Co.,Ltd.,Beijing 100044;Technology R&D Center of Beijing Urban Drainage Group Co.,Ltd.,Beijing 100124;Gansu Microalgae Technology Innovation Center,Key Laboratory of Hexi Corridor Resources Utilization of Gansu,Hexi University,Zhangye 734000;Beijing Chaoyang Park Development and Management Co.,Ltd.,Beijing 100125;Beijing Municipal Tombs Reservoir Management Office,Beijing 102200)

机构地区：[1]北京城市排水集团有限责任公司,北京100044 [2]北京城市排水集团有限责任公司科技研发中心,北京100124 [3]河西学院,甘肃省微藻技术创新中心,河西走廊特色资源利用重点实验室,张掖734000 [4]北京朝阳公园开发经营有限公司,北京100125 [5]北京市十三陵水库管理处,北京102200

出　　处：《环境科学学报》2024年第11期404-414,共11页Acta Scientiae Circumstantiae

基　　金：国家重点研发计划(No.2023YFC3041300);甘肃省科技计划(No.22JR5RG565,22YF7FG188)。

摘　　要：再生水作为景观补水源,在解决水资源短缺问题方面具有重要意义,然而其潜在的生态影响仍需进一步评估.为阐明再生水对受纳景观水生态健康的影响,本研究分别选取了北京市典型的以再生水与天然水为主要补给水源的河湖,对其水环境及浮游植物进行了为期一年4个季度的调查.结果表明,北京市再生水补给水体关键营养盐指标氮、磷、化学需氧量(COD)均显著高于天然水补给水体(p<0.05).两类水体检出浮游植物种类数接近(再生水为147种,天然水为155种),但密度差异大,其中,天然水中硅藻门种类密度占比最高(48.10%),其次为绿藻门(25.11%)和蓝藻门(20.33%),而再生水中蓝藻门种类密度占比达62.91%,其次为硅藻门(23.2%).优势种方面,再生水中蓝藻门的假鱼腥藻(Pseudanabaena sp.)、点形平裂藻(Merismopedia punctata)、细小平裂藻(M.minima)占据明显优势,说明再生水更有利于蓝藻增殖.多样性指数结果显示,再生水香农-威纳多样性指数(3.31±0.14)、辛普森多样性指数(0.80±0.03)和Pielou均匀度指数(0.69±0.16)均显著低于天然水体(分别为3.87±0.11,0.88±0.01和0.80±0.01),说明再生水中浮游植物群落稳定性相对较差.相关性分析和RDA表明,水体的物理因子氧化还原电位(ORP)、水温(WT)和浊度(TUR)是引起天然水体浮游植物群落变化的关键因素,而氮、磷营养盐则是再生水体浮游植物群落变化的关键驱动因子.As a source of landscape water replenishment,reclaimed water is of great significance in mitigating water shortage,however,its potential ecological impacts remain largely unknown.To reveal the impact of reclaimed water on the ecological health of receiving landscape water bodies,we selected typical rivers and lakes in Beijing to which reclaimed or natural water is supplied as the main water source and we conducted a one-year(covering four seasons)investigation of water quality and phytoplankton communities.The results showed that key nutrient indicators,including nitrogen,phosphorus,and chemical oxygen demand(COD)were significantly higher in water bodies supplied with reclaimed water than those with natural water(p<0.05).The species richness of phytoplankton in reclaimed and natural water bodies was comparable(147 vs.155 species,respectively).However,the density of phytoplankton varied considerably,with the Bacillariophyta leading the total density(48.10%)in the natural water bodies,which was followed by Chlorophyta(25.11%)and Cyanobacteria(20.33%),whereas in the reclaimed water,Cyanobacteria accounted for 62.91%,followed by Bacillariophyta(23.2%).In the reclaimed water,Pseudanabaena sp.,Merismopedia punctate,and M.minima were the dominant species,indicating that the regenerated water environment is more conducive to the proliferation of cyanobacteria.The diversity indices,including the Shannon-Wiener diversity index(3.31±0.14),Simpson diversity index(0.80±0.03),and Pielou evenness index(0.69±0.74)were significantly lower in the reclaimed than the natural water bodies(3.87±0.11,0.88±0.01,and 0.80±0.01,respectively),this suggested that the stability of phytoplankton community in the reclaimed water ecosystem is relatively weak.Correlation analysis and RDA demonstrated that the physical factors ORP,WT,and TUR were key factors that triggered changes in phytoplankton communities in natural water bodies,while nitrogen and phosphorus were key players in reclaimed water bodies.

关 键 词：再生水与天然水 环境因子 浮游植物 群落结构 

分 类 号：X171[环境科学与工程—环境科学]