河南省城乡居民体育锻炼情况及与抑郁症、焦虑障碍、失眠症的相关性研究  

Study on the physical exercise of urban and rural residents in Henan Province and its correlation with depression,anxiety disorders,and insomnia

作　　者：王玉杰[1] 董娇[1] 郭正军 王海岭[1] 姚丰菊[1] 王传升[1] WANG Yu-jie;DONG Jiao;GUO Zheng-jun;WANG Hai-ling;YAO Feng-ju;WANG Chuan-sheng(Second Affiliated Hospital of Xinxiang Medical University,Henan Provincial Psychiatric Hospital,Xinxiang,Henan 453002,China)

机构地区：[1]新乡医学院第二附属医院河南省精神病医院,河南新乡453002

出　　处：《现代预防医学》2024年第21期3860-3866,共7页Modern Preventive Medicine

基　　金：河南省医学科技攻关计划联合共建项目(LHGJ20230537)。

摘　　要：目的 分析河南省城乡居民体育锻炼情况及与抑郁症、焦虑障碍、失眠症的关联。方法 采用分层多阶段随机抽样方法在河南省抽取18岁及以上城乡常住居民开展相关调查,采用问卷和筛查量表收集研究对象人口学特征、体育锻炼及心理健康状况等信息,并对量表筛查出的患者进行精神障碍诊断,通过χ2检验、logistic回归进行分析。结果10 057名城乡居民中基本不锻炼、小锻炼量、中等锻炼量、大锻炼量者分别占46.8%、21.1%、26.1%和6.0%,不同地区、性别、年龄、文化程度、职业、婚姻状况、个人与家庭月收入、吸烟习惯、饮酒习惯、健康状况和心理健康素养的城乡居民体育锻炼量分布差异具有统计学意义(P<0.05)。多因素logistic回归分析结果显示,调整人口学特征、生活习惯及健康状况等因素后,与基本不锻炼相比,中等体育锻炼量的参与对象患有抑郁症(OR=0.670,95%CI:0.470~0.954)和失眠症(OR=0.758,95%CI:0.651~0.883)的风险更低。不同人口学特征中的logistic回归分析结果显示,在城市人群(OR=0.674,95%CI:0.446~0.987)、农村人群(OR=0.664,95%CI:0.547~0.805)、男性人群(OR=0.744,95%CI:0.592~0.935)和18~35岁人群(OR=0.514,95%CI:0.313~0.842)中,中等锻炼量参与对象患有失眠症的风险更低。在女性人群中,中等锻炼量参与对象患有抑郁症(OR=0.296,95%CI:0.171~0.512)、焦虑障碍(OR=0.613,95%CI:0.432~0.870)的风险低于基本不锻炼人群;此外与基本不锻炼相比,小锻炼量(OR=0774,95%CI:0.627~0.955)、中等锻炼量(OR=0.682,95%CI:0.562~0.827)和大锻炼量(OR=0.542,95%CI:0.367~0.800)的参与对象患有失眠症的风险均较低。在36~59岁人群及≥60岁人群中,中等锻炼量参与对象抑郁症(OR=0.621,95%CI:0.374~0.932;OR=0.502,95%CI:0.284~0.887)、焦虑障碍(OR=0.665,95%CI:0.460~0.960;OR=0.737,95%CI:0.582~0.925)、失眠症(OR=0.674,95%CI:0.545~0.833;OR=0.625,95%CI:0.482~0.812)的患病风险均更低。结论 体�Objective To analyze the physical exercise habits of urban and rural residents in Henan Province and their association with depression,anxiety disorders,and insomnia.Methods A stratified multi-stage random sampling method was employed to survey residents aged 18 and older in urban and rural areas of Henan Province.Data on demographic characteristics,physical exercise,and mental health status were collected using questionnaires and screening scales.Subsequent diag-nosis of mental disorders was performed on individuals screened out by the scales,and analyses were conducted using χ2tests and logistic regression.Results(1) Among 10 057 urban and rural residents,the proportions of individuals engaging in minimal,low,moderate,and high levels of exercise were 46.8%,21.1%,26.1%,and 6.0%,respectively.Statistically significant differences in exercise levels were observed across various demographics,including region,gender,age,education level,oc-cupation,marital status,monthly income,smoking habits,drinking habits,health status,and mental health literacy(P<0.05).(2) Multivariate logistic regression analysis indicated that,after adjusting for demographic characteristics,lifestyle habits,and health status,participants engaging in moderate exercise had a lower risk of depression(OR=0.670,95%CI:0.470-0.954)and insomnia(OR=0.758,95%CI:0.651-0.883) compared to those who did not exercise.(3) Logistic regression results among different demographic groups showed that participants engaging in moderate exercise had a lower risk of insomnia in urban(OR=0.674,95%CI:0.446-0.987),rural(OR=0.664,95%CI:0.547-0.805),male(OR=0.744,95%CI:0.592-0.935),and 18-35 age groups(OR=0.514,95%CI:0.313-0.842).In the female population,those engaging in moderate exercise had a lower risk of depression(OR=0.296,95%CI:0.171-0.512) and anxiety disorders(OR=0.613,95%CI:0.432-0.870) compared to non-exercisers.Additionally,compared to non-exercisers,participants with small(OR=0.774,95%CI:0.627-0.955),moderate(OR=0.682,95%CI:0.56-0.827),and high levels of exerci

关 键 词：城乡居民 体育锻炼 抑郁症 焦虑障碍 失眠症 

分 类 号：R749.4[医药卫生—神经病学与精神病学]