‘无核白’葡萄多倍体的化学诱导及鉴定  

Chemical Induction and Identification of Polyploids in'Thompson Seedless'Grapes

作　　者：潘冬妮 陶小青 胡颖 许腾飞 房玉林[1] 孟江飞[1] PAN Dongni;TAO Xiaoqing;HU Ying;XU Tengfei;FANG Yulin;MENG Jiangfei(College of Wine,Northwest A&F University,Yangling 712100,China;College of Horticulture,Northwest A&F University,Yangling 712100,China)

机构地区：[1]西北农林科技大学葡萄酒学院,陕西杨凌712100 [2]西北农林科技大学园艺学院,陕西杨凌712100

出　　处：《中外葡萄与葡萄酒》2024年第6期1-9,共9页Sino-Overseas Grapevine & Wine

基　　金：国家自然科学基金项目(32371924);西安市科技计划项目(23NYGG0028)。

摘　　要：以‘无核白’葡萄分生愈伤组织和胚性愈伤组织为外植体材料,分别通过秋水仙素与安磺灵浸渍法进行诱导,比较不同外植体材料成苗后的存活率和诱变率差异,利用流式细胞仪鉴定成苗倍性。结果显示,秋水仙素浸渍法诱导‘无核白’分生愈伤组织,分别在浓度为100 mg·L^(-1)处理48 h和250 mg·L^(-1)处理24 h获得嵌合体苗,前者诱变率为2%,后者诱变率为4%,且经组培方式纯化获得纯合四倍体;利用安磺灵浸渍法诱导‘无核白’分生愈伤组织获得了7株嵌合体苗,1.73 mg·L^(-1)处理48 h的试验组获得最高存活率为80%,1.73 mg·L^(-1)处理72 h的试验组获得最高诱变率为8.0%;采用秋水仙素浸渍法对‘无核白’胚性愈伤组织进行加倍处理,未获得成苗;采用安磺灵浸渍法对‘无核白’胚性愈伤组织进行加倍处理,当处理浓度及时间为5.19 mg·L^(-1)、24 h时,获得成苗4株,其中2株为嵌合体。Using meristematic bulk and embryogenic callus of'Thompson Seedless'as explant materials,induction was carrier out through colchicine impregnation and oryzalin impregnation method,respectively.The differences in survival rate and variation rate of seedlings from different explants were compared,and the seedling ploidy was identified by flow cytometry.The results showed that when meristematic bulk of'Thompson Seedless'was induced by the colchicine impregnation method,chimera seedlings were obtained after treatment with 100 mg·L^(-1)for 48 h and 250 mg·L^(-1)for 24 h,respectively.The mutation rate was 2%for the former and 4%for the latter,with homozygous tetraploid obtained through tissue culture purification.When meristematic bulk of'Thompson Seedless'was induced by oryzalin impregnation method,7 chimeric seedlings were harvested,the highest survival rate of 80%was achieved in the experiment with 1.73 mg·L^(-1) treatment for 48 h,and the highest mutagenesis rate of 8.0%was obtained in the experimental group with 1.73 mg·L^(-1)treatment for 72 h.When embryogenic callus of'Thompson Seedless'was treated with the colchicine impregnation for doubling,no seedlings were obtained.When embryonic callus of'Thompson Seedless'was treated with oryzalin impregnation for doubling,4 seedlings were obtained when the treatment concentration and time were 5.19 mg·L^(-1)and 24 h,among which 2 were chimeric.

关 键 词：无核葡萄 多倍体 外植体 化学诱导 

分 类 号：S663.1[农业科学—果树学]