基于主成分分析法的测井数据识别岩性——以富县延长组长6地层为例  

Lithology identification based on logging data of principal component analysis——A case study of Chang 6 formation in Yanchang,Fuxian

作　　者：陈阳 王兴建 何发岐[2] 齐荣[2] CHEN Yang;WANG Xingjian;HE Faqi;QI Rong(School of Geophysics,Chengdu University of Technology,Chengdu 610059,China;Sinopec North China Oil and Gas Branch,Zhengzhou 450000,China)

机构地区：[1]成都理工大学地球物理学院,成都610059 [2]中国石化华北油气分公司,郑州450000

出　　处：《物探化探计算技术》2024年第6期637-646,共10页Computing Techniques For Geophysical and Geochemical Exploration

基　　金：国家自然科学基金项目(42074163)。

摘　　要：油气藏的分布与岩性息息相关,所以进行岩性的识别分层,有助于判断地层的储层分布。取心实验十分昂贵,同时在钻井过程中获得岩心是不连续的,所以存在岩心数据较少的问题。为了更好地判断岩性和降低成本,在本研究中,将陕北富县延长组长6地层发育较多的四种岩性一共99个岩心取点与其对应的测井数据进行相关性分析。选择的自然伽马测井(GR)、井径测井(CAL)、声波时差测井(AC)和中子补偿测井(CNL)四条测井曲线来分析富县延长组长6岩性特征。随着粒径变大和黏土含量的减少,GR、CAL、AC和CNL值趋于降低,能够明显划分。利用主成分分析方法,对数据进行降维,提取特征,进行归纳,解决岩性的多解性问题,建立了岩性判定指数,然后将其运用于陕北富县地区多个钻井,验证其方法和构建的数学模型的适用性和有效性。结果表明,主成分分析是行之有效的分析岩性的方法,提高了准确度,岩心的岩性与测井数据识别的岩性具有良好的一致性。The distribution of oil and gas reservoirs is closely related to lithology,so identifying and layering lithology can help determine the reservoir distribution of the formation.The coring experiment is,and the core obtained during the drilling process is discontinuous,so there is a problem with the core obtained during the drilling process being limited core data.In order to better determine the lithology and reduce the cost,this study analyzed a total of 99 core points of four lithologies developed more in Chang 6 formation of Yanchang,Fuxian County,northern Shaanxi Province,and their corresponding logging data.Four logging curves,namely natural gamma logging(GR),caliper logging(CAL),acoustic time difference logging(AC),and neutron compensation logging(CNL),were selected to analyze the lithological characteristics of Group 6 in Yanchang,Fuxian.As the particle size increases and the clay content decreases,the GR,CAL,AC,and CNL values tend to decrease,which can be divided.Using the principal component analysis method,the data is dimensionally reduced,features are extracted,and summarised to solve the problem of multiple solutions in lithology.A lithology judgment index is established,which is then applied to multiple drilling wells in the Fuxian area of northern Shaanxi to verify the applicability and effectiveness of the method and the constructed mathematical model.The results indicate that principal component analysis is an effective method for analyzing lithology and improving accuracy,and the lithology of the core is consistent with the lithology identified by logging data.

关 键 词：测井数据 主成分分析 岩性识别 延长组长6地层 

分 类 号：P618.13[天文地球—矿床学]