多尺度农业生态系统服务研究进展  

Research progress and prospects of multi⁃scale agroecosystem services

作　　者：孙晓[1] 郑华[2,3] 刘珍环 任玉含[5] 唐华俊 SUN Xiao;ZHENG Hua;LIU Zhenhuan;REN Yuhan;TANG Huajun(School of Ecology&Environment,Renmin University of China,Beijing 100872,China;State Key Laboratory of Urban and Regional Ecology,Research Center for Eco-Environmental Sciences,Chinese Academy of Sciences,Beijing 100085,China;University of Chinese Academy of Sciences,Beijing 100049,China;School of geography and Planning,Sun Yat-sen University,Guangzhou 510275,China;School of Land Science and Technology,China University of Geosciences(Beijing),Beijing 100083,China;State Key Laboratory of Efficient Utilization of Arid and Semi-arid Arable Land in Northern China,The Institute of Agricultural Resources and Regional Planning,Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences,Beijing 100081,China)

机构地区：[1]中国人民大学生态环境学院,北京100872 [2]中国科学院生态环境研究中心,城市与区域生态国家重点实验室,北京100085 [3]中国科学院大学,北京100049 [4]中山大学地理科学与规划学院,广州510275 [5]中国地质大学(北京)土地科学技术学院,北京100083 [6]中国农业科学院农业资源与农业区划研究所,北方干旱半干旱耕地高效利用全国重点实验室,北京100081

出　　处：《生态学报》2024年第21期9443-9457,共15页Acta Ecologica Sinica

基　　金：国家自然科学基金项目(42271113);国家重点研发计划子课题(2022YFD2001105-03);中国科协青年人才托举工程项目(2021QNRC001)。

摘　　要：农业生态系统服务是由受人类活动深度调控和影响的农业系统产生,其在提供有益生态系统服务的同时,也产生了诸多对人类福祉有负面影响的生态系统负服务。农业生态系统服务和负服务研究不仅关注传统的粮食安全,同时关注与生态安全的共赢,可为实现农业可持续发展提供新的科学视角。基于文献阅读,在明晰农业生态系统服务和负服务内涵及主要特征的基础上,旨在(1)归纳农业生态系统服务和负服务研究的核心尺度和热点议题;(2)梳理多级尺度的典型指标及适用性评估方法;(3)提出未来农业生态系统服务和负服务领域的关键发展方向。农业生态系统服务研究主要涉及田块、景观和区域三个核心尺度,随着尺度扩大,热点议题从关注田块农作物自身,到关注景观异质性及其关联,再到关注区域上与社会系统的结合。农业生态系统除了提供典型或特殊的粮食供给、授粉、杂草防控等服务,同时也带来农业废料、病虫害、生境破损等负服务。对于农业生态系统服务评估,定性和半定量方法通常可适用于多级尺度,而不同定量方法和模型的最佳适用尺度存在差异。未来可重点从时空权衡作用分析、供需和流动机制探索、生态价值实现及生态补偿制定方向为多尺度的农业景观规划与设计提供理论和实践支撑,从生态系统服务视角有效促进农业的可持续发展。Agroecosystem services are generated by agricultural systems that are deeply regulated and influenced by human activities.Apart from providing beneficial ecosystem services,they also bring multiple ecosystem disservices that have negative impacts on human well-being.Agroecosystem services and disservices are not only related to traditional food production but also related to ecological security,which can provide a new scientific perspective for promoting agricultural sustainable development.For agroecosystem services and disservices,they often show the following main characteristics:(1)the spatial and temporal heterogeneity of agroecosystem services and disservices are shaped by both natural and anthropogenic factors;(2)agricultural management practices impact the trade-offs and synergies between ecosystem services and disservices;(3)spatial flows of agroecosystem services supply and demand occur between agricultural ecosystems and socio-economic systems;(4)the generation and maintenance agroecosystem services and disservices interact across multiple interconnected scales.Based on literatures,this paper aimed to(1)summarize the core scales and hot topics of agroecosystem services and disservices;(2)sort out typical indicators and assess the applicability of evaluation methods at multiple scales;(3)propose key directions for agroecosystem services and disservices in the future.Research on agroecosystem service mainly involved three core scales:field,landscape,and regional scale.As the scale expanded,the hot topics shifted from focusing on field crops to considering landscape heterogeneity and its associations,and then to examining the integration with social systems at the regional level.In addition to providing typical or specific services such as food supply,pollination,and weed control,agricultural ecosystems also brought disservices such as agricultural waste,pests and diseases,and habitat degradation.For agroecosystem service assessment,qualitative and semi-quantitative methods were generally applicable acros

关 键 词：农业生态系统服务 生态系统负服务 指标体系 评估方法 多尺度 农业景观 

分 类 号：S181[农业科学—农业基础科学]