基于多尺度生态系统服务供需的大都市区生态安全格局构建与优化  

Construction and optimization of the ecological security pattern in metropolitan areas based on the supply and demand of ecosystem services at multiple scales

作　　者：张艺玟 张淑怡 朱泓恺 赵铖钰 王雅葳 王玥[1] 刘敏[1,2,3] ZHANG Yiwen;ZHANG Shuyi;ZHU Hongkai;ZHAO Chengyu;WANG Yawei;WANG Yue;LIU Min(School of Ecology and Environmental Science,East China Normal University,Shanghai Key Laboratory of Urbanization Ecological Process and Ecological Restoration,Shanghai 200241,China;Technology Innovation Center for Land Spatial Eco-restoration in Metropolitan Area,Ministry of Natural Resources,Shanghai 200241,China;The Global Institute for Urban and Regional Sustainability,Shanghai 200241,China)

机构地区：[1]华东师范大学生态与环境科学学院,上海市城市化生态过程与生态恢复重点实验室,上海200241 [2]自然资源部大都市区国土空间生态修复工程技术创新中心,上海200241 [3]全球城市生态与可持续发展研究所,上海200241

出　　处：《生态学报》2024年第21期9596-9609,共14页Acta Ecologica Sinica

基　　金：国家重点研发计划项目(2022YFF0802104);上海市“科技创新行动计划”社会发展科技攻关项目(22dz1202600);国家自然科学基金(41977399)。

摘　　要：以平衡生态系统服务供需为抓手构建生态安全格局对实现生态安全、提升人类福祉具有重要意义。以高度城市化的大都市区--上海市为研究区域,运用InVEST模型、生态系统服务供需比(ESDR)、耦合协调度(CCD)和最小累积阻力(MCR)模型等方法,探究上海市生态系统服务供需关系及尺度效应特征,构建基于供需匹配和耦合协调关系的生态安全格局优化模式。结果表明:(1)上海市生态系统服务供给和需求均存在显著空间分异,高供给区主要分布在林地、耕地和水体资源丰富的郊区,高需求区集中在人口稠密的中心城区。(2)上海市ESDR和CCD的空间分异具有明显的尺度依赖性,1500 m网格尺度和街镇尺度分别反映研究区内部细节性和整体的供需状况,可作为生态安全格局构建优化的参考尺度。(3)由综合生态系统服务供给和供需比共同确定生态源地的空间位置,共识别上海市生态源地275个,总面积为303.54 km^(2),密集分布于城市西部和北部,472条生态廊道总长度为3252.35 km,呈网状分布,338个生态夹点和411.84 km^(2)的生态障碍点主要分布在中心城区以外区域。(4)基于街镇尺度上的生态系统服务供需关系,上海市221个街镇可分为生态协调区(55个)、生态保育区(89个)、生态改良区(24个)、生态控制区(33个)和生态修复区(20个)。研究工作可丰富尺度效应相关理论,为城市化区域开展生态保护修复实践和管理提供借鉴和参考。Identifying ecological security patterns(ESPs)is essential for guaranteeing regional ecological security.Achieving a balance in the supply and demand of ecosystem services(ESs)plays a pivotal role in achieving human well-being.Taking the balance of supply and demand for ESs as the starting point,constructing an ecological security pattern is crucial for achieving ecological security and enhancing human well-being.This study focused on Shanghai,a densely urbanized metropolitan area.We examined the scale-responsive characteristics of the supply and demand relationship of ecosystem services,and developed an optimized model for the ecological security pattern.This was accomplished utilizing methods such as the InVEST model,Ecosystem Service Demand and Supply Ratio(ESDR),Coupling Coordination Degree(CCD),and the Minimum Cumulative Resistance(MCR)model.The results showed that:(1)there was significant spatial variation in the levels of both ecosystem services supply and demand in Shanghai.Specifically,the high-supply areas were predominantly distributed in suburban regions with rich resources of forested land,cultivated land,and water bodies,whereas the high-demand areas were concentrated in densely populated central urban areas.(2)The spatial pattern differentiation of ESDR and CCD demonstrated evident scale dependence in Shanghai.The evaluation results of the 1500 m grid scale and township administrative scale respectively reflected the internal details and overall supply-demand conditions of ecosystem services in Shanghai,which could be served as reference scales for optimizing the construction of the ecological security pattern.(3)The spatial location of ecological source sites was jointly determined by the integrated supply of ecosystem services and ESDR at the 1500 m grid scale.A total of 275 ecological source sites were identified in Shanghai,with a total area of 303.54 km^(2),densely distributed in the western and northern regions of the city;472 ecological corridors with a total length of 3252.35 km were distri

关 键 词：生态系统服务供需 尺度效应 生态安全格局 生态管理分区 上海市 

分 类 号：X171.1[环境科学与工程—环境科学] X321