激光扫描下混凝土桥梁表观病害机器视觉检测  

Machine vision detection of surface defects in concrete bridges under laser scanning

作　　者：汤华 易茜[1] Tang Hua;Yi Qian(School of Mechanical and Electrical Engineering,Southeast University Chengxian College,Nanjing 210088,China)

机构地区：[1]东南大学成贤学院机械与电气工程学院,南京210088

出　　处：《电子测量技术》2024年第17期123-129,共7页Electronic Measurement Technology

基　　金：江苏省大学生创新训练计划项目(XXQ2024006);2022年度江苏省高等学校重点科研项目(22B41307)资助。

摘　　要：混凝土桥梁的表观病害类型较多,且每种类型的病害具有不同的形状、尺寸、颜色等特征。为此提出一种基于激光扫描的混凝土桥梁表观病害机器视觉检测方法。通过激光扫描设备获取混凝土桥梁表面数据,通过渲染技术转化为二维图像。锐化图像边缘区域,使图像画质更加自然清晰。定位混凝土桥梁表观图像的感兴趣区域,将在感兴趣区域提取的梯度方向直方图特征和局部二元模式特征融合,组建混凝土桥梁表观样本集合。采用SVM作为分类器,采用融合后的特征对分类器展开离线训练,根据训练结果展开混凝土桥梁表观病害检测。实验结果表明,所提方法的模糊系数最高值达到了0.98,质量指标最高值达到了0.99,接近于最优值1,说明其可以有效提升混凝土桥梁表观图像质量,获取更加精准的混凝土桥梁表观病害检测结果。There are many types of apparent diseases in concrete bridges,and each type of disease has different characteristics such as shape,size,color,etc.A machine vision detection method for surface defects of concrete bridges based on laser scanning is proposed.Obtain surface data of concrete bridges through laser scanning equipment and convert it into two-dimensional images through rendering technology.Sharpen the edge areas of the image to make the image quality more natural and clear.Locate the region of interest in the apparent image of concrete bridges,and fuse the gradient direction histogram features extracted in the region of interest with local binary pattern features to form a set of concrete bridge apparent samples.SVM is used as the classifier,and the fused features are used for offline training of the classifier.Based on the training results,concrete bridge apparent disease detection is carried out.The experimental results show that the proposed method has a maximum fuzzy coefficient of 0.98 and a maximum quality index of 0.99,which is close to the optimal value of 1.This indicates that it can effectively improve the quality of concrete bridge surface images and obtain more accurate results of concrete bridge surface disease detection.

关 键 词：混凝土桥梁 表观病害 机器视觉 SVM 激光扫描 

分 类 号：TN247[电子电信—物理电子学]