循环肿瘤DNA检测在乳腺癌早期诊治中的应用进展  

Research progress of circulating tumor DNA detection in the early diagnosis and treatment of breast cancer

作　　者：张彩虹(综述)[1] 张永梅(审校)[1] ZHANG Caihong;ZHANG Yongmei(Department of Clinical Laboratory,Affiliated Hospital of Inner Mongolia Medical University,Hohhot,Inner Mongolia 010010,China)

机构地区：[1]内蒙古医科大学附属医院检验科,内蒙古呼和浩特010010

出　　处：《检验医学与临床》2024年第22期3417-3421,共5页Laboratory Medicine and Clinic

摘　　要：乳腺癌作为全球女性第二大癌症致死原因,其高发病率与致死率给全球女性的健康带来了极大威胁。循环肿瘤DNA(ctDNA)是肿瘤细胞所释放的DNA片段,可以反映肿瘤负荷及肿瘤基因组的突变情况。ctDNA是肿瘤复发的灵敏且特异的生物标志物。ctDNA检测作为一种新兴的液体活检技术,在检测分子残留病灶和治疗反应监测方面具有实用性,可帮助临床医生优化治疗和监测策略。ctDNA检测在临床应用中面临一些挑战,包括检测灵敏度的限制、ctDNA水平的波动及其他因素的干扰。该文综述了近年来ctDNA检测技术在乳腺癌早期筛查、肿瘤反应监测、微小残留病灶检测及治疗耐药性评估方面的最新发展动态,并剖析其在临床实践中面临的挑战与未来潜力。Breast cancer is the second leading cause of cancer death in women worldwide,and its high morbidity and mortality pose a great threat to women′s health around the world.Circulating tumor DNA(ctDNA)is DNA fragment released by tumor cells,which can reflect the tumor burden and the mutation of the tumor genome.ctDNA is a sensitive and specific biomarker for tumor recurrence.As an emerging liquid biopsy technology,ctDNA detection has practicability in detecting molecular residual lesions and monitoring treatment response,which can help clinicians optimize treatment and monitoring strategies.The clinical application of ctDNA detection still faces some challenges,including the limitation of detection sensitivity,the fluctuation of ctDNA level,and the interference of other factors.This article reviews the recent development of ctDNA detection technology in early breast cancer screening,tumor response monitoring,minimal residual disease detection and treatment resistance evaluation,and analyzes its challenges and future potential in clinical practice.

关 键 词：乳腺癌 循环肿瘤DNA 液体活检 早期诊断 治疗 

分 类 号：R737.9[医药卫生—肿瘤]