风尘吏、名士态与吟诗人:“武功体”与中晚唐疏野诗风  

Poetics and Connotations of“Wugong Style”

作　　者：仲瑶 Zhong Yao(School of Literature,Zhejiang University,Hangzhou 310058,China)

机构地区：[1]浙江大学文学院,浙江杭州310058

出　　处：《浙江大学学报（人文社会科学版）》2024年第10期150-159,共10页Journal of Zhejiang University:Humanities and Social Sciences

基　　金：国家社科基金一般项目(23FZWB018)。

摘　　要：姚合“武功体”是中晚唐以进士群体为代表的精英文士视簿尉为俗吏的时代风气之产物,其中所呈现出的疏懒、野僻之态则以魏晋名士任诞之风为精神内核,并由此复归了吏隐的本质。与中晚唐“苦吟”诗风的流行相伴,吟诗要素被凸显并成为“武功体”的重要特征之一。创作方式上,以名士之“聊一放”为内核,遣词拙率,时杂俚俗之语,呈现出有别于贾岛派的“疏野”之格,以矫苦吟一派拘泥之弊。这也是“武功体”的诗学及诗史意义之所在。The“Wugong Style”is a significant genre in the poetry circles of the Late Tang Dynasty,which can be attributed to the tradition of“reclusive official”poetry or regarded as a form of“leisurely poetry”.Since the Song Dynasty,the joint reference to“Yao Jia”has,to some extent,obscured the unique poetic form and cultural connotations of the“Wugong Style”under the broad backdrop of the“arduous chanting”poetics.In fact,Yao He’s“Wugong Style”is a product of the prevailing sentiment among the elite literati,represented by the Jinshi group,who looked down upon minor officials as common clerks during the Middle and Late Tang Dynasty.The demeanor of lazy,negligence and seclusion presented in this style takes the free-spirited ethos of the Wei and Jin Dynasties’celebrities as its spiritual core.This attitude of a celebrity is less of a true portrayal of Yao He himself and more of an ideal aesthetic personality that stands in contrast to the personality of a“vulgar clerk”.It is in this sense that the“Wugong Style”returns to the essence of the“reclusive official”tradition.Beyond the celebrity demeanor,the evolution of the“Wugong Style”is also reflected in the prominence of the“chanting poetry”element and poet as the subject.This prominence corresponds to the increasing popularity of poetry and poetic prose in the Jinshi examinations,with poetry serving as the connecting link.The image of the“worldly official”is thus refined,and the“chanting poetry”element becomes one of the significant characteristics of the“Wugong Style”.The interactions with Jia Dao,who represents the arduous chanting school,reveal similarities between the poetry of Yao and Jia in terms of indulgence in poetry,spiritual interests,and even artistic style,which is why they are jointly referred to as“Yao Jia”.In terms of creative methods,it follows the celebrities’approach of“casually playing a tune”,using simple and straightforward language,sometimes interspersed with colloquial expressio

关 键 词：武功体 吏隐 疏野 苦吟 中晚唐 

分 类 号：I207.22[文学—中国文学] K242[历史地理—历史学]