面向3GPP ISAC标准化的低空无人机场景路径损耗测量与建模  

Path loss measurement and modeling for low-altitude UAV scenarios towards 3GPP ISAC standadization

作　　者：莫清媚 张宇翔 刘亚萌 陈文俊 姜涛 王启星 张建华[1] MO Qingmei;ZHANG Yuxiang;LIU Yameng;CHEN Wenjun;JIANG Tao;WANG Qixing;ZHANG Jianhua(State Key Laboratory of Networking and Switching Technology,Beijing University of Posts and Telecommunications,Beijing 100876,China;China Mobile Research Institute,Beijing 100053,China)

机构地区：[1]北京邮电大学网络与交换技术全国重点实验室,北京100876 [2]中国移动通信有限公司研究院,北京100053

出　　处：《物联网学报》2024年第3期16-25,共10页Chinese Journal on Internet of Things

基　　金：国家自然科学基金项目(No.62341128,No.62201087,No.62401084,No.92167202);国家杰出青年科学基金项目(No.61925102);北京市自然科学基金项目(No.L243002)。

摘　　要：随着低空经济的发展及无人机(UAV,unmanned aerial vehicle)的广泛应用,UAV飞行的监管挑战显著增大,通信感知一体化(ISAC,integrated sensing and communication)技术有望解决上述难题,因此第三代合作伙伴计划(3GPP,3rd Generation Partnership Project)将低空无人机确定为ISAC技术的重要应用场景之一。然而,UAV速度快、尺寸小及飞行高度高的特点会影响感知信号的接收强度与质量,因此亟须研究UAV感知信道的路径损耗特性与建模方法。针对15 GHz和28 GHz频段下的UAV单站感知信道进行测量,研究了感知水平距离、垂直高度差和目标雷达散射截面(RCS,radar cross section)对路径损耗的影响,发现了UAV目标信道和背景信道的低耦合特性,建立了UAV感知目标信道路径损耗与距离模型,支撑了3GPP标准化研究。With the advancement of the low-altitude economy and the widespread application of unmanned aerial vehicle(UAV),regulatory challenges for UAV flights have significantly increased.Integrated sensing and communication(ISAC)technology is expected to solve the above problems.For this reason,the 3rd Generation Partnership Project(3GPP)had identified low-altitude UAV as one of the important application scenarios of ISAC technology.However,the fast flight speed,small size and high altitude of UAV could adversely affect the strength and quality of the received sensing signals.Consequently,there was an urgent need to investigate the path loss characteristics of the UAV sensing channel and de‐velop effective model.Mono-static sensing channel measurements for UAV at frequencies of 15 GHz and 28 GHz were conducted.The impact of horizontal distance,vertical altitude differences,and the radar cross section(RCS)of the target on path loss were examined.The findings revealed low-coupling characteristics between the target and background chan‐nels.Subsequently,the path loss and distance model for the UAV sensing target channel was established,contributing to the ongoing progress of 3GPP standardization.

关 键 词：无人机 通信感知一体化 路径损耗 3GPP标准化 

分 类 号：TN929.5[电子电信—通信与信息系统]