芽孢杆菌对克氏原螯虾生长性能、消化、非特异性免疫和抗病力的影响  

Effect of Bacillus on Growth Performance,Digestion,Non-Specific Immunity and Disease Resistance of Procambarus clarkii

作　　者：单金峰 吴春[1] 王腾 王泽平 王信海[1] SHAN Jinfeng;WU Chun;WANG Teng;WANG Zeping;WANG Xinhai(Suqian Institute of Agricultural Sciences,Jiangsu Academy of Agricultural Sciences,Suqian,Jiangsu 223800)

机构地区：[1]江苏省农业科学院宿迁农科所,江苏宿迁223800

出　　处：《中国农学通报》2024年第31期159-164,共6页Chinese Agricultural Science Bulletin

基　　金：宿迁市农业科技自主创新资金项目“基于群体感应抑制角度防控稻虾养殖中细菌性病害研究与应用”(SQCX202204);江苏省农业科技自主创新项目“苏北地区稻-鳝-小龙虾复合种养关键技术研究”[CX(21)3177]。

摘　　要：为探讨芽孢杆菌对克氏原螯虾生长性能、消化、非特异性免疫和抗病力的影响,随机选取270尾体质量为(9.36±1.40)g的克氏原螯虾,随机分为3组,分别为不添加芽孢杆菌组(CK)、添加凝结芽孢杆菌组(T_(1))和添加枯草芽孢杆菌组(T_(2)),进行为期4周的养殖试验。结果显示,各组终末体重均无显著性差异(P>0.05),而T_(1)和T_(2)的增重率、特定生长率、成活率和肝胰腺指数均显著高于CK(P<0.05);T_(1)和T_(2)的酸性磷酸酶、碱性磷酸酶、溶菌酶和超氧化物歧化酶的活性均显著高于CK(P<0.05);T_(1)和T_(2)的脂肪酶和胰蛋白酶活性均显著高于CK(P<0.05),T_(1)组的淀粉酶活性显著高于CK和T_(2)(P<0.05),而T_(2)组淀粉酶活性与CK无显著差异(P>0.05)。WSSV攻毒后,T_(1)和T_(2)克氏原螯虾成活率显著高于CK(P<0.05)。综上所述,凝结芽孢杆菌和枯草芽孢杆菌均可以显著提升克氏原螯虾的生长性能,提高其肠道消化酶活力和血清非特异性免疫酶活力,增强感染WSSV时的抗病力,降低死亡率。To study the effects of Bacillus on the growth performance,digestion,non-specific immunity and disease resistance of Procambarus clarkii,a total of 270 P.clarkii with body weight of(9.36±1.40)g were selected and divided into 3 groups of CK(without Bacillus)group,T_(1)(with B.coagulans)group and T_(2)(with B.subtilis)group,for a 4-week culture experiment.The results showed that there were no significant differences in final body weight among all groups(P>0.05),while WGR,SGR,SR and HSI in groups T_(1) and T_(2) were significantly higher than those in group CK(P<0.05).The activities of ACP,ALP,LZM and SOD in groups T_(1) and T_(2) were significantly higher than those in group CK(P<0.05).The LPS and TPS activities of groups T_(1) and T_(2) were significantly higher than those of group CK(P<0.05),and the AMS activity of group T_(1) was significantly higher than that of groups CK and T_(2)(P<0.05),but there was no significant difference between groups T_(2) and CK(P>0.05).After WSSV challenge,the survival rate of P.clarkii in groups T_(1) and T_(2) was significantly higher than that in group CK(P<0.05).In conclusion,the two species of bacilluscan significantly improve the growth performance of P.clarkii,increase intestinal digestive enzyme and serum non-specific immunoenzyme activity,enhance disease resistance and reduce mortality when infected with WSSV.

关 键 词：克氏原螯虾 枯草芽孢杆菌 凝结芽孢杆菌 非特异性免疫 抗病力 

分 类 号：S182[农业科学—农业基础科学] S966.1