地理空间角度下许昌市暴雨强度与下垫面因子定量分析  

Quantitative Analysis of Rainfall Intensity and Underlying Surface Factors in Xuchang City from Geospatial Perspective

作　　者：张寒露 焦迎乐 祝冰洁 程军蕊[2] 周子晴 尤鹏飞 ZHANG Han-lu;JIAO Ying-le;ZHU Bing-jie;CHENG Jun-rui;ZHOU Zi-qing;YOU Peng-fei(Henan Hydrology and Water Resources Survey Bureau,Zhengzhou 450000,China;School of Civil&Environmental Engineering and Geography Science,Ningbo University,Ningbo 315211,China)

机构地区：[1]河南省水文水资源测报中心,河南郑州450000 [2]宁波大学土木工程与地理环境学院,浙江宁波315211

出　　处：《水电能源科学》2024年第11期36-40,共5页Water Resources and Power

基　　金：浙江省自然科学基金项目(LZJWY23E090007);河南省水利科技攻关项目(GG201922)。

摘　　要：为探究下势面因子对暴雨的影响机制,在ENVI遥感解析和GIS空间分析模块支持下,选取高程、坡度、坡向、距水体距离、植被覆盖度、夜间灯光指数6个因子,采用地理探测器和地理加权回归模型分析了许昌市近5年平均暴雨强度空间分布与下垫面因子的相关性。结果表明,随着雨强等级的提高,其在高程大于100 m的分布面积增大;四级雨强区(35~45 mm/d)在植被覆盖度最高处面积占比最低;在距水体100~500、500~1000 m存在跃迁增长区间,夜间灯光指数>5000是一级雨强(0~15 mm/d)和二级雨强(15~25 mm/d)的跃迁增长区间。高程是与暴雨强度相关性最显著的下垫面因子,双因子交互作用增强了各因子对暴雨强度的解释力,解释力较高的组有高程∩植被覆盖度、高程∩坡向、坡向∩距水体距离、坡向∩植被覆盖度。地理加权回归显示不同因子对暴雨强度的影响具有空间分异,既存在正相关关系,也存在负相关关系,从回归系数来看,植被覆盖度对暴雨强度的影响最大。In order to explore the influence mechanism of underlying surface factors on heavy rainfall,supported by ENVI remote sensing analysis and GIS spatial analysis module,choosing six factors including elevation,slope,slope di-rection,water distance,vegetation coverage and night light index,geographical detector and geographic weighted regres-sion model were used to analyze the spatial distribution of five-year average rainfall intensity in Xuchang City and its cor-relation with underlying surface factors.The results show that as the rainfall intensity level increases,the distribution ar-ea increases at elevations above 100 m.The area of IV rainfall intensity(35-45 mm/d)is the lowest in the highest vegeta-tion cover.100-500 m and 500-1000 m water distance are the transition growth intervals of IV rainfall intensity.Night light index>5000 are the transition growth intervals of level I(0-15 mm/d)and level II(15-25 mm/d)rainfall intensi-ty.Elevation is the main factor affecting the variation of rainfall intensity.The interaction of two factors enhanced the ex-planatory power of rainfall intensity.The highest explanatory power are Elevation∩Vegetation coverage,Elevation∩Slope direction,Slope direction∩Water distance,Slope direction∩Vegetation coverage.Geographic weighted regression shows that the influence of different factors on rainfall intensity has spatial differentiation.Both positive and negative cor-relations existed between rainfall intensity and underlying surface factors.Vegetation cover has the greatest influence on rainfall intensity according to the regression coefficient.

关 键 词：下垫面因子 暴雨强度 空间分布 地理探测器 地理加权回归 

分 类 号：TV125[水利工程—水文学及水资源] P458.121.1[天文地球—大气科学及气象学]