不同术式在拔牙位点保存术中的实验研究  

Experimental study of different operation methods in tooth extraction site preservation

作　　者：胡道勇[1] 钟恬[2] HU Daoyong;ZHONG Tian(Department of General Emergency,the Affiliated Stomatological Hospital,Jiangxi Medical College,Nanchang University,Jiangxi Provincial Key Laboratory of Oral Diseases,Jiangxi Provincial Clinical Research Center for Oral Diseases,Jiangxi Province,Nanchang 330000,China;Department of Pediatric Dentistry,the Affiliated Stomatological Hospital,Jiangxi Medical College,Nanchang University,Jiangxi Provincial Key Laboratory of Oral Diseases,Jiangxi Provincial Clinical Research Center for Oral Diseases,Jiangxi Province,Nanchang 330000,China)

机构地区：[1]南昌大学附属口腔医院综合急诊科,口腔疾病江西省重点实验室,江西省口腔疾病临床医学研究中心,江西南昌330000 [2]南昌大学附属口腔医院儿童口腔科,口腔疾病江西省重点实验室,江西省口腔疾病临床医学研究中心,江西南昌330000

出　　处：《中国当代医药》2024年第32期15-18,23,共5页China Modern Medicine

基　　金：江西省卫生健康委科技计划项目(20203403)。

摘　　要：目的探讨不同骨缺损情况下拔牙位点保存术的实验研究。方法选取40只Beagle犬作为研究对象,将每只Beagle犬的一侧(左)下颌第一前磨牙列为A组,另一侧(右)为B组,每组各20只。A组的拔牙窝中直接填入Bio-Oss骨粉,表面覆盖Bio-Gide胶原膜,胶原膜上方再覆盖PRF膜,拔牙窝交叉水平褥式缝合拉拢拔牙创,不需严密缝合。B组的拔牙窝先用超声骨刀对牙槽窝下方牙槽骨行骨劈开及骨挤压增大牙槽嵴宽度,然后填入Bio-Oss骨粉,表面覆盖Bio-Gide胶原膜,胶原膜上方再覆盖PRF膜,拔牙窝交叉水平褥式缝合拉拢拔牙创,不需严密缝合。比较两组牙槽嵴高度值、宽度值、骨密度。观察两组病理变化、新骨形成的速度。结果两组术后12、24、36周的牙槽嵴高度值比较,差异无统计学意义(P>0.05);B组术后12、24、36周的牙槽嵴宽度值、骨密度高于A组,差异有统计学意义(P<0.05)。HE染色及电镜结果显示:B组新骨形成的速度快于A组且持久。结论超声骨刀牙槽嵴扩增联合生物材料植入的拔牙位点保存术对牙齿嵴宽度的保存效果较好。Objective To explore the experimental study of tooth extraction site preservation under different bone defects.Methods Forty Beagle dogs were selected as the research objects.One side(left)of the mandibular first premolar of each Beagle dog was listed as group A,and the other side(right)was group B,with Beagle 20 dogs in each group.In group A,Bio-Oss bone powder was directly filled into the extraction socket,the surface was covered with Bio-Gide collagen membrane,and the PRF membrane was covered above the collagen membrane.The extraction socket was sutured by cross-level mattress suture to draw the extraction wound without strict suture.In the extraction socket of group B,the alveolar bone below the alveolar socket was split by ultrasonic bone knife and the alveolar ridge width was increased by bone extrusion.Then Bio-Oss bone powder was filled,the surface was covered with Bio-Gide collagen membrane,and the PRF membrane was covered above the collagen membrane.The extraction socket was cross-level mattress sutured to draw the extraction wound without strict suture.The alveolar crest height,width and bone density were compared between the two groups.Pathological changes and speed of new bone formation were observed in the two groups.Results There was no significant difference in alveolar ridge height between the two groups at 12,24 and 36 weeks after surgery(P>0.05).The alveolar ridge width and bone mineral density of group B were higher than those of group A at 12,24 and 36 weeks after surgery,and the differences were statistically significant(P<0.05).The results of HE staining and electron microscopy showed that the new bone formation in group B was faster and longer than that in group A.Conclusion Ultrasound bone knife alveolar ridge amplification combined with biomaterial implantation has a good effect on the preservation of tooth ridge width.

关 键 词：拔牙窝 位点保存 骨缺损 种植牙 

分 类 号：R78[医药卫生—口腔医学]