矿山自然恢复制度之完善进路  

The Improvement Approach Natural Restoration System of Mines

作　　者：王光禹 黄德将 宋怡明 孙君 张仲权 刘林[2] WANG Guangyu;HUANG Dejiang;SONG Yiming;SUN Jun;ZHANG Zhongquan;LIU Lin(Yichang Natural Resources and Urban and Rural Construction Bureau,Yichang Hubei 443099,China;Central South Institute of Metallurgical Geology,Yichang Hubei 443000,China;Seventh Geological Brigade,Hubei Geological Bureau,Yichang Hubei 443000,China;Chinese Academy of Natural Resources Economics,Beijing 101149,China)

机构地区：[1]宜昌市自然资源和城乡建设局,湖北宜昌443099 [2]中南冶金地质研究所,湖北宜昌443000 [3]湖北省地质局第七地质大队,宜昌443100 [4]中国自然资源经济研究院,北京101149

出　　处：《中国国土资源经济》2024年第11期45-53,共9页Natural Resource Economics of China

基　　金：湖北省科技发展专项“露天矿山碳汇变化机制及碳减排增汇关键技术研究”(42000024205T000000140)。

摘　　要：矿山自然恢复是矿山地质环境保护与土地复垦的重要方式,目前在我国尚处于探索实施阶段。文章选择安徽省、山东省和湖北省宜昌市自然恢复类矿山作为样本,通过资料收集和实地调研进行数据分析和对比,发现存在缺乏上位立法、行政管理刚性不足、适用条件待完善、监管和验收程序需优化、分类不细、流程管理笼统等问题。矿山自然恢复可分为无人为干扰的自然恢复和人工辅助自然恢复两种类型。矿山自然恢复制度完善内容包括:加强顶层设计,以法律法规明确各级管理职责及要求;明确适用条件,规范矿山自然恢复管理秩序;优化行政监督管理方式,采取一次性清查和年度变更相结合的方式分层管理;细化管理流程,根据不同情形进行繁简分流。Natural restoration of mines is an important method of mine geological environment protection and land reclamation,which is still in the exploration stage at present in China.The paper selected natural restoration-type mines in Anhui province,Shandong province and Yichang city of Hubei province as samples,analyzed and compared the data through data collection and field research.It is found that there are problems such as lack of upper legislation,insufficient rigidity of administrative management,incomplete application conditions,the need to optimize supervision and acceptance procedures,unrefined classification,and general process management.Mine natural restoration can be divided into two types:natural restoration without human interference and artificial assisted natural restoration.The improvement of mine natural restoration system includes:strengthening top-level design to clarify management duties and requirements at all levels by laws and regulations;clarifying the applicable conditions and standardize the management order of natural restoration in mines;optimizing the way of administrative supervision and management with the hierarchical management of combining one-time inventory and annual change;refining the management process according to different situations to carry out separation of complexity and simplicity.

关 键 词：矿山自然恢复 适用条件 管理流程 

分 类 号：X171.4[环境科学与工程—环境科学] F062.1[经济管理—政治经济学] F407.1