Prevalence of refractive errors in school-aged and preadolescent children in Colombia  

作　　者：Diana Garcia-Lozada Diana Valeria Rey-Rodríguez Sara Viviana Angulo-Sánchez Jenny Maritza Sánchez-Espinosa 

机构地区：[1]Universidad El Bosque,Facultad de Medicina,Programa de Optometría,Grupo de investigación Salud visual y ocular UnBosque,BogotáD.C.110110,Colombia [2]Fundación Universitaria delÁrea Andina,Programa de Optometría,BogotáD.C.110110,Colombia

出　　处：《International Journal of Ophthalmology(English edition)》2024年第12期2288-2294,共7页国际眼科杂志（英文版）

基　　金：Supported by the OneSight EssilorLuxottica Foundation.

摘　　要：AIM:To describe the distribution of refractive errors by age and sex among schoolchildren in Soacha,Colombia.METHODS:This was an observational cross-sectional study conducted in five urban public schools in the municipality of Soacha.A total of 1161 school-aged and pre-adolescent children,aged 5-12y were examined during the school year 2021-2022.Examinations included visual acuity and static refraction.Spherical equivalent(SE)was analysed as follows:myopia SE≤-0.50 D and uncorrected visual acuity of 20/25 or worse;high myopia SE≤-6.00 D;hyperopia SE≥+1.00 D(≥7y)or SE≥+2.00 D(5-6y);significant hyperopia SE≥+3.00 D.Astigmatism was defined as a cylinder in at least one eye≥1.00 D(≥7y)or≥1.75 D(5-6y).If at least one eye was ametropic,children were classified according to the refractive error found.RESULTS:Of the 1139 schoolchildren included,50.6%were male,58.8%were aged between 5 and 9y,and 12.1%were already using optical correction.The most common refractive error was astigmatism(31.1%),followed by myopia(20.8%)and hyperopia(13.1%).There was no significant relationship between refractive error and sex.There was a significant increase in astigmatism(P<0.001)and myopia(P<0.0001)with age.CONCLUSION:Astigmatism is the most common refractive error in children in an urban area of Colombia.Emmetropia decreased and myopia increased with age.

关 键 词：Colombia PREVALENCE refractive errors MYOPIA HYPEROPIA ASTIGMATISM CHILDREN 

分 类 号：R778.1[医药卫生—眼科]