温度升高对中国东北地区湿地温室气体通量的影响研究进展  

Research Progress on the Effect of Temperature Increase on Greenhouse Gas Fluxes in Wetlands of Northeast China

作　　者：王勇思 孙丽[1] 王宪伟[1] 宋长春 杜宇 连继哲 WANG Yongsi;SUN Li;WANG Xianwei;SONG Changchun;DU Yu;LIAN Jizhe(Key Laboratory of Wetland Ecology and Environment,Northeast Institute of Geography and Agroecology,Chinese Academy of Sciences,Changchun 130102,Jilin,P.R.China;University of Chinese Academy of Sciences,Beijing 100049,P.R.China)

机构地区：[1]中国科学院东北地理与农业生态研究所,中国科学院湿地生态与环境重点实验室,吉林长春130102 [2]中国科学院大学,北京100049

出　　处：《湿地科学》2024年第5期808-821,共14页Wetland Science

基　　金：国家自然科学基金项目(42271122和42330607)资助。

摘　　要：中高纬度地区是全球气候变化的敏感区域,近几十年来,该区年平均气温的增幅远高于全球平均增温幅度。中国东北地区地处中高纬度,是中国湿地的集中分布区之一,区域内湿地碳氮循过程对气候变化极为敏感。基于文献分析,归纳总结了温度升高对中国东北地区湿地温室气体通量的影响及其作用机制,梳理了湿地温室气体源汇功能的变化,在此基础上提出了当前研究中存在的问题并对未来研究进行了展望。总体来说,气温升高引起土壤温度升高、植物生长加快、微生物活性增强以及土壤理化性质的改变,从而影响湿地温室气体的吸收或排放。此外,气温升高可促使东北地区湿地由CH_(4)的弱源向强源以及CO_(2)由汇向源逐渐转变,但对N_(2)O源汇变化的研究还存在较多不确定性。现有研究对东北地区湿地的覆盖还不够全面,缺少长时高频的监测以及多梯度、多因子交互作用的研究。未来应针对上述问题开展综合研究与分析,并进一步探究不同温室气体通量变化的相互影响机制。The mid-to-high latitude regions are sensitive to global climate change.In recent decades,the annual average temperature increase in these regions has been much higher than the global average temperature increase.Northeast China,located in the mid-to-high latitudes,is one of the concentrated distribution areas of wetland in China.The carbon and nitrogen cycling processes in these wetlands are extremely sensitive to climate change.Focusing on the wetlands in northeast China,we summarized and analyzed the impacts and mechanisms of temperature rise on greenhouse gas fluxes.We also reviewed the changes in the source and sink functions of greenhouse gases,and identified the current research gaps,and provided prospects for future research.Overall,temperature rise can lead to increased soil temperature,accelerated plant growth,enhanced microbial activity,and changes in soil physical and chemical properties,thereby affecting the absorption or emission of greenhouse gases in these wetlands.Additionally,temperature rise may cause the wetlands in northeast China to transition from a weak source to a strong source of CH_(4)and from a sink to a source of CO_(2),though there remains considerable uncertainty regarding changes in N_(2)O sources and sinks.Existing research on the wetlands of northeast China is not comprehensive enough,lacking long-term and high-frequency monitoring and studies on multi-gradient and multi-factor interactions.Future research should address these issues through comprehensive studies and analyses and further explore the mechanisms of mutual influence among different greenhouse gas flux changes.

关 键 词：温度升高 东北地区湿地 CO_(2) CH_(4) N_(2)O 通量 源汇 

分 类 号：X142[环境科学与工程—环境科学] P942[天文地球—自然地理学]